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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 19
在朋友家 At a friend's place
At a friend's home. Teaches 帮 + N + V (help N do V) and pairs with 替 + N + V (do V in N's stead — light intro).
Dialogue
请进来吧 — Please come in
- 林雪 王明, 请进来吧. Wang Ming, come on in.
- 王明 客厅很大, 沙发也很舒服, 一会儿可以看电影. Your living room is big, the sofa is comfy too — we could watch a movie later.
- 林雪 上次在咖啡店, 这次请坐, 我给你倒杯水. Last time it was the cafe — this time, please sit, and I'll pour you a cup of water.
- 王明 我自己倒, 不用客气. I'll pour it myself, no need to be polite.
- 林雪 不行, 我帮你倒. 你是客人. No — I'll help you pour. You're the guest.
- 王明 那谢谢主人. 我们有的是时间, 慢慢聊天. Thanks then. We've got plenty of time — let's chat slowly.
Dialogue
我替你做 — I'll do it for you
- 王明 你太累了, 我替你做菜. You're too tired — I'll cook for you.
- 林雪 不行, 你是客人. 我做. No, you are the guest. I'll cook.
- 王明 这么多菜, 你一个人做不完, 我帮你做饭. So many dishes — you can't finish alone; I'll help you cook.
- 林雪 好. 杯子在桌子上, 自己拿水. OK. Cups on the table — help yourself to water.
- 王明 在朋友家最舒服, 不用客气. A friend's home is the most comfortable — no need to be polite.
- 林雪 是的. 来, 我们一边聊天一边做饭. Right. Come, let's chat while cooking.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 帮 | bāng | v. | help (recall Bk1) |
| 替 | tì | prep. | on behalf of; in place of |
| 进来 | jìnlái | v. | come in (recall Bk1) |
| 主人 | zhǔrén | n. | host; owner (recall Bk2) |
| 客人 | kèrén | n. | guest (recall ch08) |
| 客厅 | kètīng | n. | living room |
| 沙发 | shāfā | n. | sofa |
| 倒 | dào | v. | pour (recall Bk2) |
| 水 | shuǐ | n. | water (recall Bk1) |
| 杯子 | bēizi | n. | cup (recall Bk1) |
| 坐 | zuò | v. | sit (recall Bk1) |
| 茶水 | cháshuǐ | n. | tea (drink) |
| 客气 | kèqi | adj. | polite; "no need" |
| 聊天 | liáotiān | v. | chat (recall ch12) |
| 休息 | xiūxi | v. | rest (recall Bk1) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
New characters
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 厅 | tīng | (in 客厅 = living room) 客厅 kètīng — living room | |
| 沙 | shā | sand (in 沙发) 沙发 shāfā — sofa | |
| 倒 | dào | pour (recall Bk2) | |
| 替 | tì | on behalf of; in place of |
Hanzi — writing & recognition
bāng help (recall Bk1) Writing
kè guest (recall Bk1) Writing
zhǔ host; main (recall Bk2) Recognition
dào pour (recall Bk2) Recognition
shā sand (in 沙发) Recognition
Grammar
动补式离合词: 打开 / 看见 / 离开 (三06) Verb-complement separable words: 打开 / 看见 / 离开 (三06)
打开 / 看见 / 离开 / 完成 是"动词 + 结果"结构, 中间可以插入 得 / 不 表示"能 / 不能". 打不开 (不能打开) / 看不见 (不能看到) / 离不开 (不能离开) / 完不成 (不能完成). 肯定用 得: 打得开 / 看得见. 这是三级常见的可能式离合词.
打开 / 看见 / 离开 / 完成 are "verb + result" words; 得 / 不 can be inserted to mean "can / cannot". 打不开 (can't open) / 看不见 (can't see) / 离不开 (can't leave) / 完不成 (can't finish). Positive uses 得: 打得开 / 看得见. A common Band 3 potential separable form.
- 这个门我打不开. Zhè ge mén wǒ dǎ bu kāi. I can't open this door.
- 字太小, 我看不见. Zì tài xiǎo, wǒ kàn bu jiàn. The characters are too small — I can't see them.
- 孩子离不开妈妈. Háizi lí bu kāi māma. The child can't be apart from mum.
- 这个工作今天完得成. Zhè ge gōngzuò jīntiān wán de chéng. This work can be finished today.
Grammar
有的是 — 有很多 (三37) 有的是 — there's plenty (三37)
上一课 (grammar-01) 讲能不能. 本课的"有的是 + 名词"是固定短语, 表示"有很多, 一点也不缺", 语气轻松随意. 我们有的是时间 = 时间很多. 这儿水果有的是 = 水果多得很. 多用在口语里安慰或邀请别人."有的是"后面直接跟名词.
Grammar-01 was about ability. `有的是 + noun` is a fixed phrase meaning "there's plenty, not short at all", with a relaxed tone. 我们有的是时间 = we have loads of time. 这儿水果有的是 = there's plenty of fruit. Common in speech to reassure or invite. 有的是 is followed directly by a noun.
- 我们有的是时间, 慢慢来. Wǒmen yǒudeshì shíjiān, mànman lái. We have plenty of time — take it slow.
- 这儿水果有的是, 多吃一些. Zhèr shuǐguǒ yǒudeshì, duō chī yìxiē. There's plenty of fruit here — eat more.
- 图书馆有的是书. Túshūguǎn yǒudeshì shū. The library has no shortage of books.
- 这种椅子, 店里有的是. Zhè zhǒng yǐzi, diàn li yǒudeshì. The shop has plenty of this kind of chair.
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