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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 22
选课 Choosing courses
Choosing university courses. Teaches 不但 X 而且 Y (additive — more formal cousin of 不仅 X 还 Y) and pairs with 又 X 又 Y (light parallel revisit).
Dialogue
历史不但有意思而且重要 — History is not only interesting but also important
- 小红 下课后我们去图书馆选课吧, 这学期选什么课? Let's go to the library after class to pick courses — what are you taking this term?
- 同学 历史很有意思, 并且很有用. History is interesting, and useful too.
- 小红 数学呢? 难不难? Math? Hard or not?
- 同学 数学不但难, 而且作业多. Math is not only hard but the homework is heavy.
- 小红 何老师推荐我选文学. Teacher He recommends I take literature.
- 同学 文学不但有意思, 而且老师讲得好. Literature is interesting and the teacher lectures well.
Dialogue
又有意思又容易 — Both interesting and easy
- 小红 经济课怎么样? 有人说又有意思又容易. How's the economics class? Some say both interesting and easy.
- 同学 不一定. 我觉得又难又有意思. Not really. I find it both hard and interesting.
- 小红 我考虑了一下, 至少选两门, 还是文学和历史. I've thought it over — at least two courses, I'll go with literature and history.
- 同学 不光你, 我也选文学. Not only you — I'm taking literature too.
- 小红 那我们一起上课吧. Then let's take the class together.
- 同学 好. 又是好朋友又是同学. Sure. Both friends and classmates.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 选 | xuǎn | v. | choose; select (recall ch07) |
| 课 | kè | n. | class; lesson (recall Bk1) |
| 专业 | zhuānyè | n. | major; specialty |
| 兴趣 | xìngqù | n. | interest |
| 文学 | wénxué | n. | literature |
| 历史 | lìshǐ | n. | history |
| 数学 | shùxué | n. | math |
| 经济 | jīngjì | n. | economy; economics |
| 难 | nán | adj. | difficult (recall Bk1) |
| 容易 | róngyì | adj. | easy |
| 不但 | búdàn | conj. | not only |
| 而且 | érqiě | conj. | moreover (recall Bk2) |
| 推荐 | tuījiàn | v. | recommend (recall ch08) |
| 有用 | yǒuyòng | adj. | useful |
| 考虑 | kǎolǜ | v. | consider |
| 小红 | Xiǎo Hóng | pn. | Xiao Hong (persona — recall ch21) |
New characters
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 史 | shǐ | (in 历史 = history) 历史 lìshǐ — history | |
| 并 | bìng | ||
| 济 | jì | aid (in 经济) 经济 jīngjì — economy; economics | |
| 虑 | lǜ | (in 考虑 = consider) 考虑 kǎolǜ — consider | |
| 至 | zhì | ||
| 专 | zhuān | specialise (in 专业) 专业 zhuānyè — major; specialty | |
| 趣 | qù | (in 兴趣 = interest) 兴趣 xìngqù — interest |
Hanzi — writing & recognition
dàn but (recall Bk2) Writing
róng easy; contain (in 容易) Writing
yì easy (in 容易) Recognition
jīng pass through (in 经济) Recognition
jì aid (in 经济) Recognition
Grammar
并且 / 不光 … 还 — 递进连接 (三30) 并且 / 不光 … 还 — progressive connectors (三30)
两个三级连词: 并且 连接两个分句, 表示进一步 (他学习好, 并且很努力). 不光 X 还 / 也 Y = 不但…而且, 但"不光"更口语 (不光我去, 他也去). 都表示"不只一个 / 一方面, 还有更多".
Two Band 3 connectors: 并且 links two clauses, adding more (他学习好, 并且很努力 — studies well AND works hard). 不光 X 还/也 Y = "not only… but also", with 不光 more colloquial (不光我去, 他也去). Both mean "not just one thing — there's more".
- 他学习好, 并且很努力. Tā xuéxí hǎo, bìngqiě hěn nǔlì. He studies well, and works hard too.
- 不光我喜欢这门课, 同学也喜欢. Bùguāng wǒ xǐhuān zhè mén kè, tóngxué yě xǐhuān. Not only do I like this course, my classmates do too.
- 这个办法好, 并且很简单. Zhè ge bànfǎ hǎo, bìngqiě hěn jiǎndān. This method is good, and simple too.
- 不光要听, 还要写. Bùguāng yào tīng, hái yào xiě. You have to not just listen but also write.
Grammar
范围副词: 光 / 只 / 至少 (三13) Scope adverbs: 光 / 只 / 至少 (三13)
上一课 (grammar-01) 是递进. 本课三个范围副词: 光 = 只, 偏口语 (光玩不学习). 仅 = 只, 偏书面 (仅有五个人). 至少 = 最少, 不少于 (至少五十人 / 至少要学一年). 都放在动词或数量前, 限定范围.
Grammar-01 was progression. Three scope adverbs: 光 = only, colloquial (光玩不学习 = only plays, doesn't study). 仅 = only, written (仅有五个人). 至少 = at least, no fewer than (至少五十人 / 至少要学一年). All before a verb or quantity, limiting scope.
- 他光玩不学习. Tā guāng wán bù xuéxí. He only plays and never studies.
- 今天来上课的仅有五个人. Jīntiān lái shàngkè de jǐn yǒu wǔ ge rén. Only five people came to class today.
- 教室里至少有五十个人. Jiàoshì li zhìshǎo yǒu wǔshí ge rén. There are at least fifty people in the classroom.
- 这门课至少要学一年. Zhè mén kè zhìshǎo yào xué yì nián. This course takes at least a year.
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