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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 31
找工作 Job hunting
周月 begins her job hunt with 王明 as mentor. Full 把-construction lesson (after ch02 light intro) plus 把 X V 给 / 到 Y (destination + recipient extension).
Dialogue
把简历发给公司 — Sending the résumé to companies
- 周月 王明, 为了将来的梦想, 我开始找工作了, 有点紧张. Wang Ming, for my future dream I've started job hunting — a bit nervous.
- 王明 别紧张. 你把简历改好了吗? Don't be. Have you finished revising your CV?
- 周月 改好了. 我想把简历发给几家公司. Yes. I want to send it to a few companies.
- 王明 把每家公司都认真看一下, 选适合你的. Look carefully at each one — pick those that fit.
- 周月 我已经把名单做好了. I've prepared the list.
- 王明 好. 用邮件发, 一次别发太多. Good. Use email — don't send too many at once.
Dialogue
把简历交到公司 — Hand the CV in to the company
- 周月 我把简历交到三家公司了. I've submitted the CV to three companies.
- 王明 不错. 你把自己的经验都写清楚了吗? Nice. Did you write down your experience clearly?
- 周月 写清楚了. 我还把你帮我看的部分改了一下. Yes. I revised the part you reviewed too.
- 王明 我可以把你推荐给我同事. I can recommend you to my colleague.
- 周月 真的吗? 太谢谢你了! 这是大机会. Really? Thanks so much! This is a big chance.
- 王明 我把你的简历发给他, 他会联系你. I'll send him your CV — he'll reach out.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 找工作 | zhǎo gōngzuò | v. | look for a job |
| 简历 | jiǎnlì | n. | résumé; CV |
| 公司 | gōngsī | n. | company (recall Bk1) |
| 发 | fā | v. | send; post (recall Bk1) |
| 改 | gǎi | v. | change; revise |
| 邮件 | yóujiàn | n. | email; mail |
| 机会 | jīhuì | n. | opportunity; chance |
| 推荐 | tuījiàn | v. | recommend |
| 紧张 | jǐnzhāng | adj. | nervous (recall ch03) |
| 认真 | rènzhēn | adj. | serious; careful (recall ch29) |
| 交 | jiāo | v. | hand over; submit |
| 同事 | tóngshì | n. | colleague |
| 经验 | jīngyàn | n. | experience (recall ch28) |
| 帮 | bāng | v. | help (recall Bk1) |
| 周月 | Zhōu Yuè | pn. | Zhou Yue (persona — 24, recent grad) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01, mentor) |
New characters
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 适 | shì | (in 合适 = suitable; fitting) 合适 héshì — suitable; fitting | |
| 合 | hé | (in 合适 = suitable; fitting) 合适 héshì — suitable; fitting合作 hézuò — cooperate | |
| 交 | jiāo | hand in 交通 jiāotōng — traffic; transport |
Hanzi — writing & recognition
bǎ particle for 把-construction Writing
gǎi change; revise Writing
jiāo hand in Recognition
yóu mail (in 邮件) Recognition
tuī push; recommend (in 推荐) Recognition
Grammar
把字句 (完整一课) — 处置和结果 把-construction (full lesson) — disposal and result
把字句的基本结构: 主语 + 把 + 宾语 + V + 补语 / 了 / 结果. 强调"主语对宾语做了什么 / 让宾语变成什么样". 我把简历改好了. 三大规则: (1) 宾语必须是"特定"的 (说话人和听话人都知道是哪一个), 不能是泛指 (不能 *我把一本书买了); (2) 动词后面几乎一定要有"补语 / 了 / 结果" (不能 *我把书看, 要说 我把书看完了); (3) 否定 / 助动词 (不 / 没 / 想 / 要 / 可以) 放在 把 前. 比起 ch02 的轻介绍, 本课强调"完整规则".
Full structure: Subject + 把 + Object + V + complement / 了 / result. Focus = what happened to the object. Three rules: (1) Object must be DEFINITE — not "a book in general" but "the book / this CV". (2) Verb almost always carries a complement, 了, or a result word — bare verb is ungrammatical. (3) Negation / modal sits BEFORE 把 (不 / 没 / 想 / 要 / 可以 + 把 ...). Compare ch02 (light intro) — that just introduced the shape; this lesson nails the rules.
- 我把简历改好了. Wǒ bǎ jiǎnlì gǎi hǎo le. I've revised the CV.
- 请把门关上. Qǐng bǎ mén guān shàng. Please close the door.
- 我没把书带来. Wǒ méi bǎ shū dài lái. I didn't bring the book.
- 你想把电视开起来吗? Nǐ xiǎng bǎ diànshì kāi qǐlái ma? Do you want to turn on the TV?
Grammar
把 X V + 给 / 到 + Y — 给谁 / 到哪里 把 X V + 给 / 到 + Y — to whom / to where
上一课 (grammar-01) 的 把字句 强调"宾语变成什么样". 本课扩展: 把 X + V + 给 / 到 + Y 加上"到 / 给的目的地". 把简历发给公司 (CV → company) / 把简历交到三家公司 / 把书放到桌子上 / 把礼物送给老师. 给 后面接"接受方"; 到 后面接"地点". 否定: 没 + 把 X + V + 给 / 到 + Y. 注意: V 通常是"送 / 发 / 交 / 放 / 拿"等带"移动"意义的动词.
Grammar-01 stressed "object's end state". `把 X V + 给 / 到 + Y` adds the destination — 给 + recipient, 到 + place. 把简历发给公司 / 把简历交到公司 / 把书放到桌子上 / 把礼物送给老师. Verb is usually a movement-flavour verb: 送 / 发 / 交 / 放 / 拿. Negate by 没 before 把.
- 我把简历发给公司. Wǒ bǎ jiǎnlì fā gěi gōngsī. I sent the CV to the company.
- 我把简历交到三家公司了. Wǒ bǎ jiǎnlì jiāo dào sān jiā gōngsī le. I've submitted the CV to three companies.
- 请把书放到桌子上. Qǐng bǎ shū fàng dào zhuōzi shang. Please put the book on the table.
- 他把礼物送给老师了. Tā bǎ lǐwù sòng gěi lǎoshī le. He gave the gift to the teacher.
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