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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 2 · Chapter 16
我今天很累 I'm really tired today
The book's opener — basic body-feeling vocabulary (累 / 渴 / 饿 / 困 / 病). Introduces adjective reduplication (累累的 / 高高兴兴的) as the chapter's grammar item.
บทสนทนา
我今天很累 — I'm really tired today
- 马山 王月, 早上好! 你今天怎么样? Wang Yue, good morning! How are you today?
- 王月 我今天很累. 还很渴. I'm really tired today. Also very thirsty.
- 马山 累累的? 你身体不太好吧? Looking pretty tired? Maybe you're not feeling great?
- 王月 感觉不太好. 想休息一会儿. Don't feel great. Want to rest for a bit.
- 马山 休息吧. 不过你得多走走. Rest then. But you should walk around more.
บทสนทนา
我没饿, 我太累 — I'm not hungry, I'm too tired
- 马山 王月, 你饿吗? 一起吃饭? Wang Yue, are you hungry? Want to eat together?
- 王月 我没饿, 我太累. I'm not hungry, I'm too tired.
- 马山 累的时候要吃东西! 你身体感觉怎么样? When you're tired you have to eat! How does your body feel?
- 王月 不太好. 又累又困. Not great. Both tired and sleepy.
- 马山 那是病了吧? 一定要休息. That sounds like you're sick? You really have to rest.
บทสนทนา
休息一会儿 — Rest for a bit
- 王月 我很累. 也很渴. I'm really tired. Also really thirsty.
- 马山 喝点水吧. 一定要喝水. Drink some water. You really have to drink water.
- 王月 好. 我休息一会儿, 然后看看. OK. I'll rest a bit, then we'll see.
- 马山 不好的话, 你应该看医生. If it's not good, you should see a doctor.
- 王月 好, 我想想. OK, I'll think about it.
คำศัพท์
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 累 | lèi | adj. | tired (chapter anchor) |
| 渴 | kě | adj. | thirsty |
| 饿 | è | adj. | hungry |
| 困 | kùn | adj. | sleepy (sets up ch3 sleep arc) |
| 病 | bìng | n./v. | illness; be sick |
| 感觉 | gǎnjué | v./n. | feel; feeling (the chapter's meta-verb) |
| 身体 | shēntǐ | n. | body |
| 休息 | xiūxi | v. | rest (the natural solution to 累) |
| 一会儿 | yíhuìr | n. | a (little) while; a moment |
| 王月 | Wáng Yuè | pn. | Wang Yue (persona — anxious-but-curious software engineer with insomnia) |
| 马山 | Mǎ Shān | pn. | Ma Shan (persona — energetic fitness instructor / 王月's neighbor) |
| 高高兴兴 | gāogāo-xìngxìng | adj. | happily; cheerfully (AABB reduplication of 高兴) |
| 漂漂亮亮 | piàopiào-liàngliàng | adj. | all pretty / spick-and-span (AABB reduplication of 漂亮) |
อักษรใหม่
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 王 | Wáng | (in 王月 = Wang Yue (persona — anxious-but-curious software engineer with insomnia)) 王月 Wáng Yuè — Wang Yue (persona — anxious-but-curious software engineer with insomnia)王明 Wáng Míng — Wang Ming (persona — 28, software engineer) | |
| 感 | gǎn | feel; sense (in 感觉, 感冒) 感觉 gǎnjué — feel; feeling (the chapter\'s meta-verb)感冒 gǎnmào — catch cold; cold感谢 gǎnxiè — thank; appreciate | |
| 休 | xiū | rest (in 休息) 休息 xiūxi — rest (the natural solution to 累)退休 tuìxiū — retire | |
| 息 | xī | rest; breath (in 休息) 休息 xiūxi — rest (the natural solution to 累)信息 xìnxī — information; message消息 xiāoxi — message; news | |
| 困 | kùn | sleepy / trapped (Bk2 ch1) 困难 kùnnán — difficult; difficulty | |
| 应 | yīng / yìng | (yīng) should; (yìng) respond — in 应该 应该 yīnggāi — should | |
| 该 | gāi | should; ought to (in 该…了) 应该 yīnggāi — should |
อักษรจีน — เขียนและจดจำ
lèi tired (chapter anchor) เขียน
累 = "tired / weary / heavy". Top: 田 (field), bottom: 糸 (silk thread / cord). Original sense: "binding field crops with cord — both heavy and exhausting". Modern: the central tiredness adjective.
jué / jiào feel (jué, in 感觉); sleep (jiào, in 睡觉 — ch3) เขียน
tǐ body (in 身体) เขียน
Phono-semantic compound: 亻 (person) + 本 (root / fundamental). Original sense: "the person's fundamental form = body". Modern: the standard "body" character (身体).
xī rest; breath (in 休息) เขียน
息 = "breath / rest". Top: 自 (nose / self), bottom: 心 (heart). Original sense: "the breath" — calm, self-regulating. Extended to "rest" — letting heart and breath settle. The 心 base places 息 in the chapter's heart-cluster theme.
kě thirsty จดจำ
è hungry จดจำ
kùn sleepy; trapped จดจำ
bìng illness; be sick จดจำ
gǎn feel; sense (in 感觉, 感冒) จดจำ
xiū rest (in 休息) จดจำ
ไวยากรณ์
形容词重叠 — softened / intensified adjectives 形容词重叠 — adjective reduplication (AA, AABB)
形容词可以重叠表示两种意思: (1) AA 形 (单音节): 累累的, 红红的——加强语气, "累累的"= 真的累 / 看起来累的样子. (2) AABB 形 (双音节): 高高兴兴(的), 漂漂亮亮——既强调又显得"软". 注意: (a) 不是所有形容词都能重叠. 状态形容词 (是 / 有 不是形容词); 颜色 (蓝, 黄) 一般不重叠; 评价类 (好, 坏) 也不太重叠. 描述性 / 性格类 (累, 高兴, 漂亮) 是最常重叠的. (b) 重叠形容词常常带"的", 句法上像名词修饰语.
Reduplicate an adjective to soften or intensify it. Two forms: (1) AA form (single-syllable adjectives): 累累的, 红红的 — emphasizes / paints a picture, "累累的" = "looking really tired / a tired look". (2) AABB form (two-syllable adjectives): 高高兴兴(的), 漂漂亮亮 — both intensify and add a "soft" feel. CRITICAL rules: (a) Not every adjective reduplicates. Color words (蓝, 黄) generally don't. Evaluative words (好, 坏) reduplicate weakly. Descriptive / personality words (累, 高兴, 漂亮) are the most natural. (b) Reduplicated adjectives almost always take 的 — syntactically they behave like noun modifiers (累累的样子 = "a tired look") or adverbial complements (走得累累的 — informal).
- 我今天累累的, 想休息一会儿. Wǒ jīntiān lèilèi de, xiǎng xiūxi yíhuìr. I feel quite tired today, want to rest for a moment.
- 马山一天到晚高高兴兴的. Mǎ Shān yì tiān dào wǎn gāogāoxìngxìng de. Ma Shan is cheerful all day long.
- 这家店漂漂亮亮的, 很干净. Zhè jiā diàn piàopiaoliàngliàng de, hěn gānjìng. This place is bright and pretty, very clean.
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