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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 9
谈味道 Talking about flavors
Discussing flavor. Teaches 又 X 又 Y (parallel qualities) and 一点也不 + adj (categorical negation).
บทสนทนา
这个菜又香又辣 — This dish is both fragrant and spicy
- 王明 尝一尝, 这个菜怎么样? Try it — how is the dish?
- 林雪 又香又辣! 真好吃. Both fragrant and spicy! Really good.
- 王明 汤呢? 我觉得有点咸. The soup? I think it is a little salty.
- 林雪 不咸. 汤不冷不热, 又鲜又好喝. Not salty. The soup's neither cold nor hot — fresh and tasty.
- 老张 你们满意吗? 盐放多了我再做. Are you satisfied? If too much salt, I will redo it.
- 林雪 味道都好, 一点也不咸. Flavor's great — not salty at all.
- 老张 太好了, 这是我们的招牌菜. Wonderful — this is our signature dish.
บทสนทนา
甜的还是酸的? — Sweet or sour?
- 林雪 老张, 你们这里有什么甜的? Old Zhang, what sweet things do you have here?
- 老张 有一个又甜又酸的菜, 用糖做的. There is a sweet-and-sour dish — made with sugar.
- 王明 听起来不错. 油大吗? Sounds good. Greasy?
- 老张 一点也不油. 又香又清淡. Not at all greasy. Fragrant and light.
- 林雪 好, 来一盘. 我尝尝. Great, bring a plate — I'll try it.
- 王明 我也尝. 老张推荐的菜, 我们上次都吃饱了. Me too. The dishes Old Zhang recommends — last time we ate our fill.
คำศัพท์
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 味道 | wèidao | n. | taste; flavor (recall Bk1) |
| 又 | yòu | adv. | also; both (in 又X又Y) (recall Bk1) |
| 辣 | là | adj. | spicy |
| 咸 | xián | adj. | salty |
| 甜 | tián | adj. | sweet |
| 香 | xiāng | adj. | fragrant; tasty (recall Bk2) |
| 鲜 | xiān | adj. | fresh |
| 酸 | suān | adj. | sour |
| 油 | yóu | n. | oil; greasy (recall Bk1) |
| 清淡 | qīngdàn | adj. | light (in flavor) |
| 尝 | cháng | v. | taste; try |
| 糖 | táng | n. | sugar |
| 盐 | yán | n. | salt |
| 满意 | mǎnyì | adj. | satisfied |
| 招牌菜 | zhāopáicài | n. | signature dish (recall ch08) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
| 老张 | Lǎo Zhāng | pn. | Old Zhang (persona — recall ch08) |
อักษรใหม่
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 香 | xiāng | fragrant (recall Bk2) | |
| 辣 | là | spicy (recall Bk2) | |
| 尝 | cháng | taste; try | |
| 咸 | xián | salty (recall Bk2) | |
| 鲜 | xiān | fresh 新鲜 xīnxiān — fresh | |
| 满 | mǎn | full (in 满意) 满意 mǎnyì — satisfied | |
| 盐 | yán | salt | |
| 味 | wèi | (in 味道 = taste; flavor (recall Bk1)) 味道 wèidao — taste; flavor (recall Bk1) | |
| 甜 | tián | sweet (recall plan-context) | |
| 酸 | suān | sour | |
| 糖 | táng | sugar | |
| 油 | yóu | oil; greasy (recall Bk1) 加油 jiāyóu — cheer; come on | |
| 淡 | dàn | (in 清淡 = light (in flavor)) 清淡 qīngdàn — light (in flavor) | |
| 谈 | tán |
อักษรจีน — เขียนและจดจำ
tián sweet เขียน
táng sugar เขียน
xiāng fragrant (recall Bk2) จดจำ
ไวยากรณ์
不A不B — 正好 / 适中 (三34) 不A不B — just right / moderate (三34)
"不 + A + 不 + B"是四字格, A 和 B 是反义或相关的形容词, 表示"两边都不过分, 正好". 不大不小 / 不长不短 / 不冷不热 / 不多不少 / 不早不晚. 多用来评价大小、长短、冷热等. 语气轻松, 常带"刚好"的意思.
`不 + A + 不 + B` is a four-character pattern; A and B are opposite or related adjectives, meaning "neither too much of either — just right". 不大不小 / 不长不短 / 不冷不热 / 不多不少 / 不早不晚. Used to evaluate size, length, temperature, etc. — relaxed, "just perfect" tone.
- 这个房间不大不小, 正好. Zhè ge fángjiān bú dà bù xiǎo, zhènghǎo. This room is neither big nor small — just right.
- 今天不冷不热. Jīntiān bù lěng bú rè. Today is neither cold nor hot.
- 这件衣服不长不短. Zhè jiàn yīfu bù cháng bù duǎn. This piece of clothing is just the right length.
- 这些菜不多不少. Zhèxiē cài bù duō bù shǎo. These dishes are just the right amount.
ไวยากรณ์
一点儿也不 + adj — 完全否定 (三75) 一点儿也不 + adj — emphatic total negation (三75)
上一课 (grammar-01) 说"适中". 本课强调"完全没有": 一点儿也不 / 一点儿都不 + 形容词 = 完全不. 一点儿也不难 / 一点儿也不累 / 一点儿也不贵. 比单说"不难"语气强很多. 动词也行: 一点儿也不喜欢. 这是三级的强调否定.
Grammar-01 was "moderate". This emphasises "not at all": 一点儿也不 / 一点儿都不 + adjective = not in the slightest. 一点儿也不难 / 一点儿也不累 / 一点儿也不贵. Much stronger than plain 不难. Works with verbs too: 一点儿也不喜欢. A Band 3 emphatic negation.
- 这个题一点儿也不难. Zhè ge tí yìdiǎnr yě bù nán. This question isn't hard at all.
- 我一点儿也不累. Wǒ yìdiǎnr yě bú lèi. I'm not tired in the slightest.
- 这家店一点儿也不贵. Zhè jiā diàn yìdiǎnr yě bú guì. This shop isn't expensive at all.
- 他一点儿都不忙. Tā yìdiǎnr dōu bù máng. He's not busy at all.
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