Want to actually learn this — with audio, spaced repetition and progress tracking?
Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 14
春节文化 Spring Festival culture
Discussing Spring Festival customs. Teaches V + 过 (experiential) and pairs with 从来没 + V + 过 (never have).
บทสนทนา
你包过饺子吗? — Have you wrapped dumplings?
- 何老师 王明, 你包过饺子吗? Wang Ming, have you ever wrapped dumplings?
- 王明 包过, 但包得不好. I have, but not well.
- 林雪 回到家乡, 我每年都和一家人一起包. 包饺子是过年的传统. Back in my hometown, I wrap them with the whole family every year — it is a New Year tradition.
- 何老师 春联呢? 你贴过吗? And couplets? Have you ever pasted them?
- 王明 没贴过. 听说很有意思. Never. I heard it is interesting.
- 林雪 今年我们一起做, 我教你. Let's do it together this year — I'll teach you.
บทสนทนา
从来没看过烟花 — Never seen fireworks
- 王明 过年的鞭炮真热闹. 你听过吗? The New Year firecrackers are so lively. Have you heard them?
- 何老师 听过. 我小的时候, 家家都放. Yes. When I was small, every household set them off.
- 林雪 我从来没看过大城市的烟花. I have never seen big-city fireworks.
- 何老师 今年我们去看. 也去拜年. Let's go see them this year. And go visit for New Year too.
- 王明 老师, 您给我们讲一下风俗吧. Teacher, tell us about the customs.
- 何老师 好. 各地的风俗不一样, 年夜饭、红包、灯笼, 都是文化. OK. Customs differ by region — New Year dinner, red envelopes, lanterns are all culture.
คำศัพท์
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 文化 | wénhuà | n. | culture |
| 故事 | gùshi | n. | story (recall Bk2) |
| 风俗 | fēngsú | n. | custom; tradition |
| 传统 | chuántǒng | n. | tradition; traditional |
| 鞭炮 | biānpào | n. | firecrackers |
| 烟花 | yānhuā | n. | fireworks |
| 拜年 | bàinián | v. | pay a New Year visit |
| 包饺子 | bāo jiǎozi | v. | wrap dumplings |
| 过 | guo | pcl. | (particle — experiential: ever done) (recall Bk1) |
| 从来 | cónglái | adv. | always; ever (recall Bk2) |
| 春联 | chūnlián | n. | Spring Festival couplets |
| 有意思 | yǒuyìsi | adj. | interesting (recall Bk2) |
| 讲 | jiǎng | v. | tell; speak (recall Bk2) |
| 热闹 | rènao | adj. | lively (recall ch12) |
| 年夜饭 | niányèfàn | n. | New Year's Eve dinner |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
| 何老师 | Hé lǎoshī | pn. | Teacher He (persona — recall ch13) |
อักษรใหม่
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 传 | chuán | (in 传统 = tradition; traditional) 传统 chuántǒng — tradition; traditional传说 chuánshuō — legend; folktale | |
| 统 | tǒng | (in 传统 = tradition; traditional) 传统 chuántǒng — tradition; traditional | |
| 联 | lián | (in 春联 = Spring Festival couplets) 春联 chūnlián — Spring Festival couplets | |
| 烟 | yān | (in 烟花 = fireworks) 烟花 yānhuā — fireworks | |
| 鞭 | biān | (in 鞭炮 = firecrackers) 鞭炮 biānpào — firecrackers | |
| 炮 | pào | (in 鞭炮 = firecrackers) 鞭炮 biānpào — firecrackers | |
| 城 | chéng | city (recall Bk1) 城市 chéngshì — city (recall ch30) | |
| 拜 | bài | (in 拜年 = pay a New Year visit) 拜年 bàinián — pay a New Year visit | |
| 俗 | sú | (in 风俗 = custom; tradition) 风俗 fēngsú — custom; tradition | |
| 各 | Gè | ||
| 化 | huà | change; -ize (in 文化) 文化 wénhuà — culture变化 biànhuà — change |
อักษรจีน — เขียนและจดจำ
huà change; -ize (in 文化) เขียน
jiǎng tell; speak (recall Bk2) เขียน
wén culture; writing (recall Bk1) จดจำ
gù old; reason (in 故事/故乡) จดจำ
ไวยากรณ์
量词重叠 AA — 每一个 (三11) Reduplicated measure words AA — every one (三11)
量词重叠成 AA (家家 / 年年 / 件件 / 天天 / 次次) 表示"每一个 / 每一次, 没有例外". 家家都过年 = 每一家都过年. 年年都回家 = 每一年都回. 重叠后的量词常作主语或状语, 后面多用"都".
A measure word reduplicated to AA (家家 / 年年 / 件件 / 天天 / 次次) means "every single one, no exception". 家家都过年 = every household celebrates the New Year. 年年都回家 = every year I go home. The reduplicated MW is often subject or adverbial, usually followed by 都.
- 过年的时候, 家家都买新衣服. Guònián de shíhou, jiājiā dōu mǎi xīn yīfu. At New Year, every household buys new clothes.
- 我们年年都回家. Wǒmen niánnián dōu huí jiā. We go home every year.
- 这里件件衣服都好看. Zhèlǐ jiànjiàn yīfu dōu hǎokàn. Every piece of clothing here is nice.
- 他天天都来. Tā tiāntiān dōu lái. He comes every day.
ไวยากรณ์
各 / 每 / 任何 (三08) 各 / 每 / 任何 (三08)
上一课 (grammar-01) 用量词重叠说"每一个". 本课三个指示代词: 各 = 每一个 (各地 / 各国, 后面常不加量词). 每 = 每一个 (每个地方, 后面常加量词). 任何 = 无论哪一个 (任何时候 / 任何人, 多用于强调"都"). 各 偏书面, 每 最常用.
Grammar-01 used MW reduplication for "every one". Three demonstratives here: 各 = each (各地 / 各国, usually no MW after). 每 = every (每个地方, usually + MW). 任何 = any whatsoever (任何时候 / 任何人, for emphasis with 都). 各 is written-leaning; 每 is the everyday choice.
- 中国各地都过春节. Zhōngguó gèdì dōu guò Chūnjié. Everywhere in China celebrates Spring Festival.
- 每个地方的菜都不一样. Měi ge dìfang de cài dōu bù yíyàng. Every place's food is different.
- 任何时候都可以来. Rènhé shíhou dōu kěyǐ lái. You can come any time.
- 各国都有自己的节日. Gèguó dōu yǒu zìjǐ de jiérì. Every country has its own festivals.
Want to actually learn this — with audio, spaced repetition and progress tracking?
Study in the app →