Want to actually learn this — with audio, spaced repetition and progress tracking?
Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 37
看医生 Seeing the doctor
林雪 visits the doctor. Light intro to 被 + V (passive) and 被 + agent + V (agent-explicit form).
บทสนทนา
我被雨淋了 — I got caught in the rain
- 医生 你怎么了? What's wrong?
- 林雪 我有点感冒, 也咳嗽. A bit of a cold and a cough.
- 医生 怎么生病的? How did you fall ill?
- 林雪 前天晚上我被雨淋了, 一下就冷了. Got drenched in the rain two nights ago — got cold right away.
- 医生 没发烧吧? No fever?
- 林雪 没. 但是头被风吹得有点痛. No. But my head is sore from the wind.
- 医生 吃点药, 多喝水, 多休息. 平时多锻炼, 注意健康. Take some medicine, drink water, rest. Exercise regularly and look after your health.
บทสนทนา
被同事关心 — Colleagues care
- 林雪 今天我被同事关心了一上午. Colleagues checked on me all morning.
- 医生 不错. 有人关心心情就好. Nice. Mood's better when people care.
- 林雪 我吃的药被王明帮我买了. Wang Ming helped me buy the medicine.
- 医生 吃药后, 你应该被一个安静的地方好好休息. After the medicine you need a quiet place to rest.
- 林雪 今天的会被我推到下个星期了. I pushed today's meeting to next week.
- 医生 好. 身体最重要. Good. Health comes first.
คำศัพท์
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 生病 | shēngbìng | v. | fall ill |
| 医院 | yīyuàn | n. | hospital (recall Bk1) |
| 医生 | yīshēng | n. | doctor (recall Bk1) |
| 被 | bèi | prep. | by (passive marker) |
| 感冒 | gǎnmào | n. | cold (illness) |
| 咳嗽 | késou | n. | cough |
| 发烧 | fāshāo | n. | fever |
| 药 | yào | n. | medicine (recall Bk1) |
| 吃药 | chī yào | v. | take medicine |
| 雨 | yǔ | n. | rain (recall Bk1) |
| 淋 | lín | v. | be drenched; soak |
| 多 | duō | adv. | more; many (recall Bk1) |
| 水 | shuǐ | n. | water (recall Bk1) |
| 冷 | lěng | n. | cold (recall Bk1) |
| 休息 | xiūxi | v. | rest (recall ch04) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
อักษรใหม่
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 被 | bèi | passive marker | |
| 淋 | lín | be drenched; soak | |
| 吹 | chuī | blow |
อักษรจีน — เขียนและจดจำ
bèi passive marker เขียน
bìng illness (in 生病) (recall Bk1) เขียน
gǎn feel (in 感冒) จดจำ
mào come out; risk (in 感冒) จดจำ
chuī blow จดจำ
ไวยากรณ์
被 + V (light intro) — 被动句 被 + V (light intro) — passive construction
被字句的轻版: 主语 + 被 + V + (补语). 表示"主语被某人 / 某事影响 / 处置". 我被雨淋了 / 头被风吹得有点痛. 跟"把字句"对比 — 把字句强调"主语做了什么", 被字句强调"主语被怎么样了". 动词后一般要有补语 / 了 / 结果, 不能光说 "我被雨". 否定: 没被 + V. 本课只做轻介绍, 主要熟悉"被"的位置 — 完整学到 ch37 的 grammar-02 还会扩展到带主体的形式.
`Subject + 被 + V + (complement)` says "the subject is affected / acted upon". 我被雨淋了. Contrast with 把-construction: 把 = "subject does X to it"; 被 = "X is done to subject". The verb almost always needs a complement, 了, or result. Negate as 没被 + V. Light intro here — the agent-explicit version is grammar-02.
- 我被雨淋了. Wǒ bèi yǔ lín le. I got caught in the rain.
- 头被风吹得有点痛. Tóu bèi fēng chuī de yǒu diǎn tòng. My head is sore from the wind.
- 钱被花完了. Qián bèi huā wán le. Money has been spent.
- 门没被关好. Mén méi bèi guān hǎo. The door wasn't closed properly.
ไวยากรณ์
被 + 主体 + V — 加上"被谁做的" 被 + agent + V — adding "by whom"
上一课 (grammar-01) 的 被 + V 没说出"谁做的". 本课在 被 后面加主体: 被 + 谁/什么 + V. 我吃的药被王明买了 / 今天的会被我推到下个星期 / 我被同事关心了. 主体可以是人 (王明) 或物 (雨). 比起没主体的版本, 这个版本信息更全, 但是中文里 谁做的 经常省略 — 所以 grammar-01 的形式也是常见的. 否定: 没被 + 主体 + V (没被王明买).
Grammar-01 left out "who did it". This lesson plugs in the agent: `被 + N + V`. 我吃的药被王明买了. The agent can be a person (王明) or thing (雨). Often the agent is left out in Chinese — but when it matters, this is how you mark it. Negate: 没被 + agent + V.
- 我吃的药被王明帮我买了. Wǒ chī de yào bèi Wáng Míng bāng wǒ mǎi le. Wang Ming helped buy the medicine.
- 今天的会被我推到下个星期了. Jīntiān de huì bèi wǒ tuī dào xià ge xīngqī le. I pushed today's meeting to next week.
- 门被风关上了. Mén bèi fēng guān shàng le. The wind shut the door.
- 钱被孩子花完了. Qián bèi háizi huā wán le. The kid spent the money.
Want to actually learn this — with audio, spaced repetition and progress tracking?
Study in the app →