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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 45
回头看 Looking back
Band closer — all six personas gather. Teaches 其实 + clause (actually) and 总的来说 + clause (overall, all things considered).
บทสนทนา
其实变化很大 — We've actually changed a lot
- 林雪 一年过去了, 从旅行到过年, 我们一起回头看一下吧. A year has passed — from the trip to the New Year, let's look back together.
- 王明 其实, 我们每个人的变化都很大. Actually, each of us has changed a lot.
- 老张 其实, 我学了用手机做生意. Actually, I learnt to run business via phone.
- 何老师 其实, 我也学到了很多新东西. Actually, I also learnt a lot of new things.
- 小红 其实, 我考试一次比一次好, 很感谢老师. Actually, my exam results got better each time — thanks to my teacher.
- 周月 其实, 我也找到了喜欢的工作, 也成长了. Actually, I found work I love and grew along the way.
บทสนทนา
总的来说, 一年难忘 — Overall, an unforgettable year
- 林雪 总的来说, 这一年我们都很难忘. Overall, this year was unforgettable for all of us.
- 王明 总的来说, 每个人都成长了. Overall, everyone grew.
- 何老师 总的来说, 我们的故事还没结束. Overall, our story isn't over.
- 小红 我们都要继续努力. We must all keep at it.
- 周月 总的来说, 我希望我们一直在一起. Overall, I hope we stay together.
- 老张 总的来说, 我们都准备好出发新的一年了. Overall, we're ready to set off into the next year.
คำศัพท์
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 其实 | qíshí | adv. | actually; in fact |
| 总的来说 | zǒng de lái shuō | adv. | overall; in summary |
| 回头看 | huí tóu kàn | v. | look back |
| 记得 | jìde | v. | remember |
| 感谢 | gǎnxiè | v. | thank; appreciate |
| 变化 | biànhuà | v. | change |
| 大 | dà | adj. | big (recall Bk1) |
| 成长 | chéngzhǎng | v. | grow; develop |
| 结束 | jiéshù | n. | end; finish |
| 一起 | yìqǐ | adv. | together (recall Bk1) |
| 难忘 | nánwàng | adj. | unforgettable |
| 故事 | gùshi | n. | story |
| 继续 | jìxù | adv. | continue (recall ch27) |
| 出发 | chūfā | v. | set off (recall ch01) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
| 老张 | Lǎo Zhāng | pn. | Lao Zhang (persona — recall ch08) |
| 何老师 | Hé lǎoshī | pn. | Teacher He (persona — recall ch13) |
| 小红 | Xiǎo Hóng | pn. | Xiao Hong (persona — recall ch21) |
| 周月 | Zhōu Yuè | pn. | Zhou Yue (persona — recall ch31) |
อักษรใหม่
| 汉字 | พินอิน | ชนิดคำ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|---|
| 变 | biàn | (in 变化 = change) 变化 biànhuà — change | |
| 束 | shù | (in 结束 = end; finish) 结束 jiéshù — end; finish |
อักษรจีน — เขียนและจดจำ
qí its; that เขียน
shí real; actual เขียน
huà change (in 变化) จดจำ
gǎn feel (in 感谢) (recall ch37) จดจำ
zhǎng grow (in 成长) (recall Bk1) จดจำ
ไวยากรณ์
其实 + 句子 — 软纠正 / 软揭示 其实 + clause — "actually / in fact"
其实 + 句子 用来"软纠正对方 / 揭示真相 / 说出和表面不同的事": 其实我没去 / 其实我也学到了很多新东西 / 其实我考试一次比一次好. 语气比 但是 柔, 比 不是 X 而是 Y (ch38) 短. 位置: 一般在主语之后, 谓语之前 (我其实没去), 也可放句首做副词性话题 (其实, 我没去). 否定: 其实不 + V / 其实没 + V. 跟英语 actually 接近.
`其实 + clause` voices "actually / in fact" — softens a correction or reveals what was hidden. 其实我没去 / 其实我也学到了很多. Softer than 但是, shorter than ch38's 不是 X 而是 Y. Position: after subject or fronted as a topic. Negate: 其实不 / 其实没. Close to English "actually".
- 其实, 我们的变化都很大. Qíshí, wǒmen de biànhuà dōu hěn dà. Actually, all of us have changed a lot.
- 其实我也学到了很多. Qíshí wǒ yě xué dào le hěn duō. Actually, I learnt a lot too.
- 其实他没去面试. Qíshí tā méi qù miànshì. Actually he didn't go to the interview.
- 其实, 健康才最重要. Qíshí, jiànkāng cái zuì zhòngyào. Actually, health matters most.
ไวยากรณ์
(也) … , 也 … — 回顾并列 (三60, 复用) (也)…, 也… — parallel reflection (三60, reuse)
上一课 (grammar-01) 的 其实 软揭示. 本课复习 ch27 的"也…也…", 用来回顾这一年的两方面收获: 这一年, 我学了很多, 也认识了很多人. 工作也顺利, 生活也开心. 两个分句结构相同, 平列地总结, 适合收尾.
Grammar-01 was 其实 (actually). This revisits ch27's "也…也…" to look back on the year's two sides: 这一年, 我学了很多, 也认识了很多人. 工作也顺利, 生活也开心. Parallel clauses summing up — fitting for a closing chapter.
- 这一年我学了很多, 也认识了很多人. Zhè yì nián wǒ xué le hěn duō, yě rènshi le hěn duō rén. This year I learned a lot and met many people.
- 工作也顺利, 生活也开心. Gōngzuò yě shùnlì, shēnghuó yě kāixīn. Work went smoothly, and life was happy too.
- 我们也努力了, 也进步了. Wǒmen yě nǔlì le, yě jìnbù le. We worked hard, and made progress too.
- 大家也累, 也很高兴. Dàjiā yě lèi, yě hěn gāoxìng. Everyone was tired, and very happy too.
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