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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 2 · Chapter 6
这个不如那个 This one's not as good as that one
Two comparison patterns: A 不如 B ("A isn't as good as B") and A 跟 B 一样 ("A is the same as B"). Together with last chapter's 比 + 更/还 + 数量补语, they round out Level 2's comparison grammar.
Hội thoại
这家不如那家 — This place isn't as good as that one
- 周雨 张天, 这家不如那家. Zhang Tian, this place isn't as good as that one.
- 张天 怎么不如? 在这边还是那边? Not as good how? Is it on this side or that side?
- 周雨 那家更新, 更干净, 也更安静. That place is newer, cleaner, and quieter too.
- 张天 那我们去那家. Then let's go to that one.
- 周雨 好, 出发! Great, let's go!
Hội thoại
你的手机跟我的一样吗 — Is your phone the same as mine
- 周雨 你的手机跟我的一样吗? Is your phone the same as mine?
- 张天 我的手机跟你的不一样. My phone is different from yours.
- 周雨 怎么不一样? How are they different?
- 张天 你的更新, 也更轻. Yours is newer, and lighter too.
- 周雨 不过你的也不错. But yours is pretty good too.
Hội thoại
这本不如那本重 — This book isn't as heavy as that one
- 周雨 这本书重吗? 我想带一本轻的. Is this book heavy? I want to take a light one.
- 张天 不重. 这本不如那本重. Not heavy. This one isn't as heavy as that one.
- 周雨 那本是新的吗? Is that one new?
- 张天 是, 但是这本也不错. Yes, but this one is pretty good too.
- 周雨 那我看这本. Then I'll read this one.
Từ vựng
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 不如 | bùrú | v. | not as good as — A 不如 B (chapter grammar anchor) |
| 一样 | yīyàng | adj./adv. | the same — used in 跟…一样 (chapter grammar anchor) |
| 不一样 | bù yīyàng | adj. | different — negative pair of 一样 |
| 干净 | gānjìng | adj. | clean |
| 不错 | búcuò | adj. | pretty good; not bad |
| 差 | chà | adj. | bad; poor in quality (also Level 2: chà differs from 差不多 ch2 — same character) |
| 重 | zhòng | adj. | heavy (also reads chóng "again" — deferred) |
| 轻 | qīng | adj. | light (in weight) — pair with 重 |
| 远 | yuǎn | adj. | far (in distance) |
| 近 | jìn | adj. | near; close (in distance) |
| 离 | lí | prep. | distance from — A 离 B + adj/distance (formal lesson ch13) |
Chữ mới
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 如 | rú | as if; like (in 如果) 不如 bùrú — not as good as — A 不如 B (chapter grammar anchor)如果 rúguǒ — if (conditional; pairs with 那 — 如果 X 那 Y) | |
| 干 | gān / gàn | dry (gān, in 干净); to do (gàn, deferred) 干净 gānjìng — clean能干 nénggàn — capable; able | |
| 净 | jìng | clean (in 干净) 干净 gānjìng — clean | |
| 轻 | qīng | light (in weight) — pair with 重 | |
| 带 | dài | bring; take (recall Bk1) | |
| 离 | lí | distance from (revisit ch6 vocab); apart from |
Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết
yuǎn far (in distance) Viết
Phono-semantic compound: 辶 (walking radical) + 元 (yuán, both phonetic AND semantic — 元 originally meant "head / origin / far-away start"). Together: "to walk to a faraway place". Forms the core distance pair with 近 (near).
jìn near; close (in distance) Viết
Phono-semantic compound: 辶 (walking radical) + 斤 (jīn, phonetic — also means "axe / catty"). Together: "a short walk away". The core opposite of 远.
tóng same; together Viết
同 = "together / same / identical". Original sense: bringing things together to match. Modern uses: 同样 (likewise), 同事 (colleague — "together-business"), 同学 (classmate — "together-study"). The "sameness" cluster.
chà / chā / chāi bad / poor (chà, this chapter); 差不多 prefix (chà, ch2 revisit); difference (chā, formal); to send (chāi) Viết
gān / gàn dry (gān, in 干净); to do (gàn, deferred) Nhận biết
jìng clean (in 干净) Nhận biết
zhòng / chóng heavy (zhòng, this chapter); again (chóng, deferred) Nhận biết
qīng light (in weight) — pair with 重 Nhận biết
Ngữ pháp
A 不如 B — "not as good as" A 不如 B — "not as good as"
"A 不如 B"表示"A 比不上 B", 是"A 比 B + adj"的反面: 如果 A 比 B 大, 那么 B 不如 A 大。也可以加上形容词: "A 不如 B + 形容词"="A 在这个特点上比 B 差". 注意: "不如"没有肯定的对应词, 要说"A 跟 B 一样好"或"A 比 B 好"。一个可比的肯定句型是"A 有 B 那么 + 形容词"="A 跟 B 一样 [adj]"——这个句型很常见, 但本课作为简介, 重点在"不如"。
A 不如 B means "A isn't as good as B" — the negative side of the comparison family (the opposite of A 比 B + adj). You can add an adjective: A 不如 B + adj = "A is less [adj] than B". Important: 不如 has no affirmative version. To say "A is as good as B", use 跟…一样 (next lesson) or 比 patterns. There IS an affirmative cousin — A 有 B 那么 + adj ("A is as [adj] as B") — but it's very common; this chapter introduces it as a brief gloss, with the main focus on 不如.
- 这家不如那家. Zhè jiā bùrú nà jiā. This place is not as good as that one.
- 这本不如那本重. Zhè běn bùrú nà běn zhòng. This book is not as heavy as that one.
- 这个不如那个干净. Zhège bùrú nàge gānjìng. This one isn't as clean as that one.
Ngữ pháp
A 跟 B 一样 — "the same as" A 跟 B 一样 — "the same as"
"A 跟 B 一样"表示 A 和 B 相等。加上形容词时: "A 跟 B 一样 + 形容词"="A 和 B 一样 [adj]"。否定: "A 跟 B 不一样"——注意"不"放在"一样"前。注意: "跟"是介词, "一样"是形容词谓语, 两个一起出现, 不能分开使用("我跟你"前面不带名词的话不完整, "我们一样"少了"跟"也不成立)。
A 跟 B 一样 means "A is the same as B". Add an adjective for "as [adj] as": A 跟 B 一样 + adj = "A is as [adj] as B". Negate by inserting 不 before 一样: A 跟 B 不一样 = "A is different from B". Crucial pattern rule: 跟 (preposition) and 一样 (adjective predicate) work together — neither half stands alone in this construction. "我跟你" by itself isn't a complete clause (missing the predicate); "我们一样" without 跟 isn't the comparison pattern (it's just a different sentence). Always pair them.
- 你的手机跟我的一样吗? Nǐ de shǒujī gēn wǒ de yīyàng ma? Is your phone the same as mine?
- 我的手机跟你的不一样. Wǒ de shǒujī gēn nǐ de bù yīyàng. My phone is different from yours.
- 这家跟那家一样干净. Zhè jiā gēn nà jiā yīyàng gānjìng. This place is as clean as that one.
Phát âm
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