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Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 2 · Chapter 37

因为忙所以没去 Because busy, didn't go

Yīnwèi máng suǒyǐ méi qù

Fang Hong missed a meeting; Xie Ping asks why. Vocab: 因为 / 所以 / 为 / 为了 / 忙 / 原因 / 结果 / 见面 / 迟到 / 道歉. Introduces 因果复句 (二68) and the 为 preposition (二28).

Hội thoại

为什么没来 — Why didn't you come?

谢平方fāng红hóng, 上shàng午wǔ开kāi会huì你nǐ为wèi什shén么me没méi来lái? Fang Hong, why didn't you come to the morning meeting?
方红因yīn为wèi我wǒ太tài忙máng, 所suǒ以yǐ没méi去qù. Because I was busy, so I didn't go.
谢平什shén么me事shì这zhè么me忙máng? What's so urgent?
方红为wèi了le写xiě报bào告gào, 一yì直zhí没méi时shí间jiān. 我wǒ跟gēn你nǐ道dào歉qiàn. For the report — no time at all. I apologize.
谢平没méi关guān系xì. 但dàn是shì下xià次cì你nǐ要yào先xiān告gào诉sù我wǒ. No problem. But next time, tell me first.
方红一yí定dìng. 我wǒ以yǐ后hòu注zhù意yì. Will do. I'll be careful from now on.

Hội thoại

原因和结果 — Cause and result

谢平迟chí到dào的de原yuán因yīn是shì什shén么me? What was the reason for being late?
方红今jīn天tiān的de地dì铁tiě很hěn慢màn. 我wǒ等děng了le二èr十shí分fēn钟zhōng才cái上shàng车chē. Today's subway was slow. I waited 20 minutes to get on.
谢平好hǎo. 那nà是shì不bu是shì没méi办bàn法fǎ. OK. So nothing you could do.
方红是shì的de. 结jié果guǒ就jiù是shì, 我wǒ没méi来lái开kāi会huì. Yes. The result is, I didn't make it to the meeting.
谢平我wǒ给gěi你nǐ会huì议yì的de报bào告gào. 你nǐ看kàn一yí下xià. I'll give you the meeting report. Read it.
方红太tài好hǎo了le, 谢xiè谢xiè你nǐ. Great, thanks.

Hội thoại

下次见面 — Next meeting

方红下xià次cì什shén么me时shí候hòu见jiàn面miàn? When do we meet next?
谢平下xià个gè星xīng期qī一yī. 上shàng午wǔ十shí点diǎn. Next Monday. 10am.
方红我wǒ一yí定dìng来lái. 因yīn为wèi这zhè次cì太tài重zhòng要yào了le. I'll definitely come. Because this one's so important.
谢平是shì的de. 你nǐ准zhǔn备bèi一yí下xià你nǐ的de看kàn法fǎ. Right. Prepare your view.
方红我wǒ先xiān看kàn以yǐ前qián的de报bào告gào, 然rán后hòu准zhǔn备bèi. I'll look at the previous reports first, then prepare.
谢平好hǎo. 见jiàn. Good. See you.

Từ vựng

汉字	Pinyin	Từ loại	Nghĩa
因为	yīnwèi	conj.	because
所以	suǒyǐ	conj.	so; therefore
为	wèi	prep.	for (二28)
为了	wèile	prep.	in order to
忙	máng	adj.	busy (Level 1 revisit)
原因	yuányīn	n.	reason; cause
结果	jiéguǒ	n.	result
见面	jiànmiàn	v.	meet (face to face)
迟到	chídào	v.	arrive late
道歉	dàoqiàn	v.	apologize

Chữ mới

汉字	Pinyin	Nghĩa
因	yīn	because; cause (in 因为 / 原因) 因为 yīnwèi — because原因 yuányīn — reason; cause
所	suǒ	so; place (in 所以) 所以 suǒyǐ — so; therefore
歉	qiàn	(in 道歉 = apologize) 道歉 dàoqiàn — apologize
诉	su
原	yuán	origin; original (in 原因) 原因 yuányīn — reason; cause
结	jié	tie; conclude (in 结果) 结果 jiéguǒ — result总结 zǒngjié — summarise; sum up结束 jiéshù — end; finish
迟	chí	(in 迟到 = arrive late) 迟到 chídào — arrive late

Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết

因

yīn because; cause (in 因为 / 原因) Viết

6 strokes enclosure radical 囗

Compound: 囗 (enclosure) + 大 (big). Original sense: "cause / origin." Anchors 因为 (because, this chapter), 原因 (reason).

所

suǒ so; place (in 所以) Viết

8 strokes left-right

Modern: "place / so / that which." Anchors 所以 (therefore, this chapter). Also: 厕所 (toilet — Level 3+), 所有 (all — Level 3+).

为

wèi / wéi for (preposition; in 为什么 / 因为) Viết

4 strokes standalone

原

yuán origin; original (in 原因) Viết

10 strokes enclosure

结

jié tie; conclude (in 结果) Nhận biết

9 strokes left-right radical 纟

果

guǒ fruit; result (in 结果 / 如果) Nhận biết

8 strokes top-bottom

见

jiàn see; meet (revisit ch4; in 见面) Nhận biết

4 strokes standalone

面

miàn face; surface (in 见面 / 方面) Nhận biết

9 strokes enclosure

道

dào way; road (in 道歉 / 知道 / 道理) Nhận biết

12 strokes enclosure radical 辶

Ngữ pháp

因果复句 / 介词「为」 — 因为…所以… 和为什么 / 为了 Cause-effect compound / preposition 为

本课两项内容. (1) 因为…所以… (二68): 句式: 因为 + 原因, 所以 + 结果. 例: 因为忙, 所以没去. 注意: 在口语里, 有时只用一半 ("因为 X" 或 "X, 所以 Y"). 但是初学者最好两个都用. (2) 介词为 (二28): 两个常用. 为什么 (asking reason) — "Why?". 为了 (for the purpose of) — "in order to". 例: 为了工作, 我搬到北京. 关键: 为什么是 1 个词, 不分开; 为了 + 名词 / 动作.

Two items: (1) 因为…所以… (二68): Pattern: 因为 + reason, 所以 + result. Example: 因为忙, 所以没去. NOTE: in casual speech, learners sometimes drop one half ("因为 X" or "X, 所以 Y"); beginners are better off using both. (2) Preposition 为 (二28): two common forms — 为什么 (why) and 为了 (for the purpose of, "in order to"). Example: 为了工作, 我搬到北京 (for work, I moved to Beijing). KEY: 为什么 is one word, never split; 为了 takes a noun or action object.

因为忙, 所以没去. Yīnwèi máng, suǒyǐ méi qù. Because busy, didn't go.
我为了工作, 一直加班. Wǒ wèile gōngzuò, yìzhí jiābān. For work, I keep working overtime.
你为什么没来见面? Nǐ wèi shénme méi lái jiànmiàn? Why didn't you come to meet?
原因是我迟到了, 我跟你道歉. Yuányīn shì wǒ chídào le, wǒ gēn nǐ dàoqiàn. The reason is I was late — I apologize.

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为什么没来 — Why didn't you come?

原因和结果 — Cause and result

下次见面 — Next meeting

因果复句 / 介词「为」 — 因为…所以… 和 为什么 / 为了 Cause-effect compound / preposition 为

因果复句 / 介词「为」 — 因为…所以… 和为什么 / 为了 Cause-effect compound / preposition 为