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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 2
收拾行李 Packing
Packing for the trip. Continues 林雪 + 王明 from ch01; introduces 把字句 lightly.
Hội thoại
我在收拾行李 — I'm packing
- 王明 林雪, 你的行李收拾好了吗? Lin Xue, is your luggage packed?
- 林雪 还没. 我在拿衣服. Not yet. I'm picking out clothes.
- 王明 南方现在热, 带轻的, 不要带重的. South is hot now — bring light ones, not heavy.
- 林雪 我带五件衣服, 一双鞋, 一个帽子. Five pieces of clothing, one pair of shoes, one hat.
- 王明 都是干净的吧? All clean, right?
- 林雪 都是. 你的东西呢? Yes. What about your stuff?
- 王明 我的箱子也快收拾好了. My suitcase is almost done too.
Hội thoại
把衣服放进箱子 — Putting clothes into the suitcase
- 王明 你把衣服放进箱子了吗? Did you put the clothes into the suitcase?
- 林雪 放进去了. 鞋我拿出来再看看. Put them in. I'll take the shoes out to check again.
- 王明 把帽子也放进去吧, 不放进去会忘. Put the hat in too — if you don't, you'll forget it.
- 林雪 好. 帽子放在上面, 衣服放在下面. OK. Hat on top, clothes below.
- 王明 我的箱子太重了, 拿不动. My suitcase is too heavy — I can't lift it.
- 林雪 把重的东西拿出来一些, 就轻了. Take some heavy things out — it’ll be lighter.
- 王明 好主意. 我现在就拿. Good idea. I'll do that now.
Từ vựng
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 收拾 | shōushi | v. | pack up; tidy up |
| 行李 | xíngli | n. | luggage |
| 箱子 | xiāngzi | n. | box; suitcase |
| 衣服 | yīfu | n. | clothes (recall Bk1) |
| 鞋 | xié | n. | shoes |
| 帽子 | màozi | n. | hat |
| 放 | fàng | v. | put; place (recall Bk1) |
| 带 | dài | v. | bring; take (recall Bk1) |
| 拿 | ná | v. | take; pick up (recall Bk1) |
| 重 | zhòng | adj. | heavy |
| 轻 | qīng | adj. | light (weight) |
| 干净 | gānjìng | adj. | clean |
| 件 | jiàn | m. | measure word for clothes (recall Bk1) |
| 双 | shuāng | m. | measure word for pairs (shoes, socks) |
| 东西 | dōngxi | n. | thing; stuff (recall Bk1) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
Chữ mới
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 拾 | shi | (in 收拾 = pack up; tidy up) 收拾 shōushi — pack up; tidy up | |
| 李 | lǐ | plum; in 行李 行李 xíngli — luggage | |
| 双 | shuāng | pair (measure word) | |
| 箱 | xiāng | (in 箱子 = box; suitcase) 箱子 xiāngzi — box; suitcase | |
| 把 | bǎ | particle for 把-construction |
Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết
xíng walk; go (in 行李) (recall Bk1) Viết
shōu gather; pack (in 收拾) Viết
zhòng heavy Nhận biết
qīng light (weight) Nhận biết
gān dry; clean (in 干净) Nhận biết
jìng clean (in 干净) Nhận biết
shuāng pair (measure word) Nhận biết
Ngữ pháp
把字句 (light intro) — 把 X V 把-construction (light intro) — 把 X V
把 + X + V = 拿 X 做某事. 句子的焦点在动作对 X 的处置或结果. 把衣服放进箱子 / 把书放在桌子上. 否定 / 助动词 (不 / 没 / 想 / 要) 放在 把 前面. 一般句 (我放衣服) 强调"我做了什么"; 把字句 (我把衣服放进箱子) 强调"衣服怎么样了". 本课只做轻介绍 — 学习者认句型即可, 完整一课在 ch31.
`把 + X + V` rearranges the sentence so the verb explicitly disposes of / acts on X. Focus shifts from "what I did" to "what happened to X". Negation and modals (不 / 没 / 想 / 要) sit BEFORE 把. Light intro only here — recognise the shape; a full lesson lands at ch31.
- 把衣服放进箱子. Bǎ yīfu fàng jìn xiāngzi. Put the clothes into the suitcase.
- 把书放在桌子上. Bǎ shū fàng zài zhuōzi shang. Put the book on the table.
- 我没把帽子带来. Wǒ méi bǎ màozi dài lái. I didn't bring the hat.
- 你把行李收拾好. Nǐ bǎ xíngli shōushi hǎo. Pack up the luggage.
Ngữ pháp
把 X V + 方向补语 — 把 + 进/出 + 来/去 把 X V + directional complement — putting it in / taking it out
上一课 (grammar-01) 的 把 X V 经常和方向补语配合: 把 X + V + 进/出 + 来/去. 方向补语回答"动作往哪里": 进 (in) / 出 (out) + 来 (朝说话人) / 去 (远离说话人). 把衣服放进去 (放到东西里, 离开说话人); 把鞋拿出来 (从里面拿到外面, 朝说话人). 助词 了 加在补语之后: 我把衣服放进去了 (不是 …放了进去).
The 把-construction from grammar-01 commonly pairs with a directional complement. 进 / 出 picks in / out; 来 / 去 picks toward-speaker / away-from-speaker. 放进去 = put in (away). 拿出来 = take out (toward me). Aspect 了 attaches AFTER the complement: 我把衣服放进去了 (NOT 放了进去).
- 把衣服放进去. Bǎ yīfu fàng jìnqù. Put the clothes in.
- 把鞋拿出来. Bǎ xié ná chūlái. Take the shoes out.
- 我把帽子带来了. Wǒ bǎ màozi dài lái le. I brought the hat with me.
- 他没把书放进箱子. Tā méi bǎ shū fàng jìn xiāngzi. He didn't put the book in the suitcase.
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