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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 35
同事 Colleagues
周月 settles in among colleagues. Teaches 跟 X 比起来 (compared to X) and 不如 + N (not as good as N).
Hội thoại
同事们都很热情 — The colleagues are warm
- 王明 上班一个星期了, 同事怎么样? A week in — how are the colleagues?
- 周月 同事们又说又笑, 都很热情. The colleagues chat and laugh — everyone is warm.
- 王明 跟你大学的朋友比起来呢? Compared to your university friends?
- 周月 跟大学朋友比起来, 同事们更聪明. Compared to uni friends, the colleagues are smarter.
- 王明 大家互相帮助吗? Do you all help each other?
- 周月 互相帮助, 合作得很舒服. We help each other — collaboration feels easy.
Hội thoại
不如新办公室好 — Not as nice as the new office
- 周月 第一天我就记住了同事的名字. 我们的办公室不错, 你看过吗? On day one I memorised my colleagues' names. Our office is nice — have you seen it?
- 王明 我去过一次. 跟以前的比起来很现代. Been once. Modern compared to the old one.
- 周月 我以前的学校不如这里舒服. My old school wasn't as comfortable as here.
- 王明 同事的关系不如老朋友好吧? Colleague bonds aren't as deep as old friends, are they?
- 周月 现在还不如老朋友. 但是时间长就会越来越好. For now, not as deep — but it grows with time.
- 王明 互相帮助, 关系一定会好. Help each other — the bond will form.
Từ vựng
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 同事 | tóngshì | n. | colleague (recall ch31) |
| 跟 | gēn | prep. | with; from (recall Bk1) |
| 比起来 | bǐ qǐlái | v. | comparing to |
| 不如 | bùrú | v. | not as good as; rather |
| 热情 | rèqíng | adj. | enthusiastic; warm |
| 友好 | yǒuhǎo | adj. | friendly |
| 聪明 | cōngming | adj. | smart |
| 能干 | nénggàn | adj. | capable; able |
| 帮助 | bāngzhù | v. | help (recall Bk1) |
| 合作 | hézuò | v. | cooperate |
| 互相 | hùxiāng | adv. | mutually; each other |
| 关系 | guānxi | n. | relationship |
| 舒服 | shūfu | adj. | comfortable (recall ch29) |
| 办公室 | bàngōngshì | n. | office |
| 周月 | Zhōu Yuè | pn. | Zhou Yue (persona — recall ch31) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
Chữ mới
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 聪 | cōng | (in 聪明 = smart) 聪明 cōngming — smart | |
| 代 | dài | ||
| 尽 | jǐn | ||
| 量 | liàng |
Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết
gēn with; from (recall Bk1) Viết
rú as; like Viết
rè hot; warm (in 热情) (recall Bk1) Nhận biết
qíng feeling (in 热情) Nhận biết
hù mutual (in 互相) Nhận biết
xì relate (in 关系) Nhận biết
Ngữ pháp
又 … 又 … — 并列复句 (三63) 又 … 又 … — coordinate compound sentence (三63)
用"又 … 又 …"把同一主语的两个动作或情况放在一起, 表示"同时进行 / 同时具有". 和二级的"又 X 又 Y (两个特点)"相比, 三级常连接两个动作短语或分句: 大家又说又笑 / 又唱歌又跳舞. 同事之间: 他又热情又能干 (热情 + 能干一起).
"又 … 又 …" links two actions or situations of the same subject — happening together / coexisting. Beyond Band 2's 又 X 又 Y (two qualities), Band 3 often joins two action phrases or clauses: 大家又说又笑 / 又唱歌又跳舞. Among colleagues: 他又热情又能干.
- 同事们又说又笑. Tóngshìmen yòu shuō yòu xiào. The colleagues chatted and laughed.
- 晚会上大家又唱歌又跳舞. Wǎnhuì shàng dàjiā yòu chànggē yòu tiàowǔ. At the party everyone sang and danced.
- 他又工作又学习. Tā yòu gōngzuò yòu xuéxí. He both works and studies.
- 这个工作又忙又有意思. Zhè ge gōngzuò yòu máng yòu yǒu yìsi. This job is both busy and interesting.
Ngữ pháp
方式副词: 互相 / 亲自 / 尽量 (三17) Manner adverbs: 互相 / 亲自 / 尽量 (三17)
上一课 (grammar-01) 是并列复句. 本课三个方式副词: 互相 = 彼此 (互相帮助 / 互相关心). 亲自 = 自己直接 (经理亲自来). 尽量 = 尽可能 (尽量早点 / 尽量做好). 都放在动词前, 说明动作的方式. 同事相处常用: 我们要互相帮助.
Grammar-01 was coordinate clauses. Three manner adverbs: 互相 = each other (互相帮助 / 互相关心). 亲自 = in person (经理亲自来). 尽量 = as much as possible (尽量早点). All before the verb, describing how the action is done. Among colleagues: 我们要互相帮助.
- 同事们互相帮助. Tóngshìmen hùxiāng bāngzhù. Colleagues help each other.
- 经理亲自来看我们. Jīnglǐ qīnzì lái kàn wǒmen. The manager came to see us in person.
- 请尽量早点完成. Qǐng jǐnliàng zǎo diǎn wánchéng. Please finish as early as you can.
- 大家互相关心. Dàjiā hùxiāng guānxīn. Everyone cares for one another.
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