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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 11
春节快到了 Spring Festival is almost here
Pre-Spring-Festival prep. Teaches 快 + V + 了 (about to V) and 还没 + V + 呢 (still not yet).
Hội thoại
春节快到了! — Spring Festival is almost here!
- 林雪 春节快到了, 你准备好了吗? Spring Festival is almost here — are you ready?
- 王明 还没. 你呢? Not yet. What about you?
- 林雪 我终于买好礼物了, 红包也准备了. I've finally finished buying gifts; the red envelopes are ready too.
- 王明 何老师每年过年都挂灯笼. Teacher He hangs lanterns every New Year.
- 林雪 我也要挂. 还要贴福字. I want to hang some too, and paste the 福 character.
- 王明 快过年了, 大家都很高兴. New Year is almost here — everyone's happy.
Hội thoại
还没打扫呢 — Still not cleaned yet
- 王明 快过节了, 你家里打扫了吗? Festival is almost here — have you cleaned your place?
- 林雪 还没打扫呢. 周末做. Still not done. I'll do it on the weekend.
- 王明 我已经打扫了, 也贴好福字了. I've already cleaned, and pasted the 福 character.
- 林雪 你真快! 我还没买灯笼呢. You're quick! I haven't even bought the lanterns yet.
- 王明 我跟你一起去买. 庆祝春节, 我们赶快准备吧. I'll go buy with you. To celebrate Spring Festival, let's hurry and prepare.
- 林雪 好, 谢谢. 过年了, 我也很想念老朋友. OK, thanks. With New Year here, I really miss my old friends too.
Từ vựng
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 春节 | Chūnjié | n. | Spring Festival (Chinese New Year) (recall Bk2) |
| 节日 | jiérì | n. | festival; holiday (recall Bk2) |
| 快 | kuài | adv. | soon; about to (recall Bk1) |
| 到 | dào | v. | arrive (recall Bk1) |
| 准备 | zhǔnbèi | v. | prepare (recall Bk1) |
| 礼物 | lǐwù | n. | gift (recall Bk2) |
| 红包 | hóngbāo | n. | red envelope (with money) |
| 灯笼 | dēnglong | n. | lantern |
| 庆祝 | qìngzhù | v. | celebrate |
| 过年 | guònián | v. | spend New Year; celebrate New Year (recall Bk2) |
| 福 | fú | n. | good fortune; "blessing" character |
| 挂 | guà | v. | hang (recall Bk2) |
| 贴 | tiē | v. | paste; stick on |
| 打扫 | dǎsǎo | v. | clean; sweep |
| 呢 | ne | pcl. | (modal particle — "what about ...?" / ongoing) (recall Bk1) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
Chữ mới
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 何 | Hé | (in 何老师 = Teacher He (persona — 50, retired teacher)) 何老师 Hé lǎoshī — Teacher He (persona — 50, retired teacher) | |
| 挂 | guà | hang (recall Bk2) | |
| 灯 | dēng | lamp (recall Bk2) 灯笼 dēnglong — lantern | |
| 笼 | long | (in 灯笼 = lantern) 灯笼 dēnglong — lantern | |
| 贴 | tiē | paste; stick on | |
| 福 | fú | "blessing"; good fortune 幸福 xìngfú — happy; blessed | |
| 扫 | sǎo | (in 打扫 = clean; sweep) 打扫 dǎsǎo — clean; sweep | |
| 赶 | ǎn | ||
| 曾 | céng |
Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết
fú "blessing"; good fortune Viết
jié festival; node (recall Bk2) Viết
chūn spring (recall Bk2) Nhận biết
qìng celebrate (in 庆祝) Nhận biết
zhù wish; bless (in 庆祝) Nhận biết
Ngữ pháp
时间副词: 本来 / 曾经 / 赶快 / 终于 (三14) Time adverbs: 本来 / 曾经 / 赶快 / 终于 (三14)
四个三级时间副词: 本来 = 原来 / 原计划 (本来想…, 但是…). 曾经 = 过去有过 (曾经去过, 现在不一定). 赶快 = 快一点 (催促: 赶快走). 终于 = 等了很久才 (终于到了). 都放在动词前.
Four Band 3 time adverbs: 本来 = originally / as first planned (本来想…, 但是…). 曾经 = once did (曾经去过 — in the past). 赶快 = hurry up (赶快走). 终于 = finally, after a long wait (终于到了). All go before the verb.
- 我本来想今天走. Wǒ běnlái xiǎng jīntiān zǒu. I originally meant to leave today.
- 他曾经在北京住过. Tā céngjīng zài Běijīng zhù guo. He once lived in Beijing.
- 快过年了, 赶快买东西吧. Kuài guònián le, gǎnkuài mǎi dōngxi ba. New Year's almost here — hurry and buy things.
- 我们终于到家了. Wǒmen zhōngyú dào jiā le. We finally got home.
Ngữ pháp
都 … 了 — 强调"已经到这地步" (三79) 都 … 了 — "it's already (this late/much)" (三79)
上一课 (grammar-01) 的 终于 说"等到了". 本课的 都 + 时间 / 数量 + 了 强调"已经到了这个地步 (该做某事 / 太晚了)". 都快过年了 / 都十点了, 该睡觉了 / 都三天了, 他还没回来. 语气里常带一点"提醒"或"着急".
Grammar-01's 终于 = "finally arrived". `都 + time/amount + 了` stresses "it's already got to this point (so you should act / it's too late)". 都快过年了 / 都十点了, 该睡觉了 / 都三天了, 他还没回来. Carries a nudge of reminder or impatience.
- 都快过年了, 你还没准备? Dōu kuài guònián le, nǐ hái méi zhǔnbèi? It's almost New Year — you still haven't prepared?
- 都十点了, 该睡觉了. Dōu shí diǎn le, gāi shuìjiào le. It's already ten — time to sleep.
- 都八点了, 商店开门了. Dōu bā diǎn le, shāngdiàn kāimén le. It's eight already — the shops are open.
- 都三天了, 他还没回来. Dōu sān tiān le, tā hái méi huílái. It's been three days and he's still not back.
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