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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 12
买年货 Buying for the New Year
Shopping for New Year goods. Teaches 一边 V1 一边 V2 (simultaneous actions) and the related 边 V1 边 V2 shorthand.
Hội thoại
一边推车一边选 — Push the cart while choosing
- 林雪 这个星期我们来了两次超市, 今天人真多. We've come to the supermarket twice this week — so many people today.
- 王明 快过年了, 大家都来买年货. New Year's close — everyone's buying for the holiday.
- 林雪 我们一边推车一边选吧. Let's push the cart and pick stuff as we go.
- 王明 我们一样一样地买, 先买水果, 再买零食和糖. Let's buy one kind at a time — fruit first, then snacks and sweets.
- 林雪 袋子不够了, 再拿一个. Not enough bags — grab one more.
- 王明 一边走一边聊天, 真有过年的感觉. Walking and chatting — really feels like the New Year.
Hội thoại
边看边试 — Look and taste at the same time
- 林雪 这家店的人很热情, 让我们试糖. The people at this shop are warm — they let us try the sweets.
- 王明 我边看边试, 觉得这个最好吃. I look and taste at the same time — I think this one is the best.
- 林雪 又甜又香! 买一袋子, 还要买点红包和礼物. Sweet and fragrant! Buy a bag — and some red envelopes and gifts too.
- 王明 市场里更热闹, 想去看看吗? The market's even livelier — want to check it out?
- 林雪 好. 一边走一边吃, 真过年. Yes. Walking and snacking — really feels like New Year.
- 王明 春节就要在热闹里过. Spring Festival should be spent in the bustle.
Từ vựng
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 年货 | niánhuò | n. | New Year goods (food, gifts) |
| 超市 | chāoshì | n. | supermarket (recall Bk2) |
| 市场 | shìchǎng | n. | market |
| 一边 | yìbiān | adv. | on one side; (in 一边V1一边V2) (recall Bk1) |
| 推车 | tuī chē | v. | push (a cart) |
| 袋子 | dàizi | n. | bag |
| 水果 | shuǐguǒ | n. | fruit (recall Bk1) |
| 零食 | língshí | n. | snacks; nibbles |
| 糖 | táng | n. | sugar; sweets (recall ch09) |
| 选 | xuǎn | v. | choose (recall ch07) |
| 热闹 | rènao | adj. | lively; bustling |
| 人多 | rén duō | n. | busy with people |
| 聊天 | liáotiān | v. | chat |
| 试 | shì | v. | try (recall Bk2) |
| 热情 | rèqíng | adj. | warm; enthusiastic |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
| 王明 | Wáng Míng | pn. | Wang Ming (persona — recall ch01) |
Chữ mới
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 超 | chāo | exceed; super- (in 超市) (recall Bk2) 超市 chāoshì — supermarket (recall Bk2) | |
| 市 | shì | market; city (recall Bk2) 超市 chāoshì — supermarket (recall Bk2)市场 shìchǎng — market城市 chéngshì — city (recall ch30) | |
| 货 | huò | (in 年货 = New Year goods (food, gifts)) 年货 niánhuò — New Year goods (food, gifts) | |
| 零 | líng | zero; bits (recall Bk1) 零食 língshí — snacks; nibbles | |
| 食 | shí | eat; food (in 食堂) 零食 língshí — snacks; nibbles食堂 shítáng — canteen; dining hall | |
| 袋 | Dài | (in 袋子 = bag) 袋子 dàizi — bag | |
| 闹 | nao | (in 热闹 = lively; bustling) 热闹 rènao — lively; bustling |
Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết
biān side; (in 一边/边V边V) (recall Bk1) Viết
shì try; test (recall Bk1) Viết
chāo exceed; super- (in 超市) (recall Bk2) Nhận biết
shì market; city (recall Bk2) Nhận biết
tuī push (recall Bk2) Nhận biết
Ngữ pháp
数量补语: 动词 + 动量 + 宾语共现 (三50) Quantity complement: action-count with an object (三50)
当一个动作既有"做了几次"又有宾语时, 三级的常见语序是: 动词 + 数词 + 动量词 + 宾语. 我去过一次南方 / 我找了他两次 / 他读了三遍课文. 如果宾语是代词 (他/你), 一般放在动量词前: 找了他两次.
When an action has BOTH a count ("how many times") AND an object, the common Band 3 order is: verb + number + verbal-MW + object. 我去过一次南方 / 我读了三遍课文. If the object is a pronoun (他/你), it usually goes before the count: 找了他两次.
- 我去过一次南方. Wǒ qù guo yí cì nánfāng. I've been to the south once.
- 他找了我两次. Tā zhǎo le wǒ liǎng cì. He looked for me twice.
- 过年我们买了三次东西. Guònián wǒmen mǎi le sān cì dōngxi. We went shopping three times for New Year.
- 这本书我看了两遍. Zhè běn shū wǒ kàn le liǎng biàn. I've read this book twice.
Ngữ pháp
数量重叠: 一 + 量 + 一 + 量 (三33) Reduplicated measures: one-by-one (三33)
上一课 (grammar-01) 数次数. 本课"数词 + 量词 + 数词 + 量词"重叠 (一个一个 / 一样一样 / 一天一天), 表示"逐个 / 一点一点地". 常加"地"作状语: 东西一样一样地买 / 日子一天一天地过. 表示过程的连续和渐进.
Grammar-01 counted times. Here, "number + MW + number + MW" reduplicates (一个一个 / 一样一样 / 一天一天) = "one by one / bit by bit". Often + 地 as an adverbial: 东西一样一样地买 / 日子一天一天地过. Shows a continuous, gradual process.
- 东西一样一样地买. Dōngxi yíyàng yíyàng de mǎi. Buy things one kind at a time.
- 日子一天一天地过去了. Rìzi yì tiān yì tiān de guòqù le. The days passed one by one.
- 学生一个一个地进来. Xuésheng yí ge yí ge de jìnlái. The students came in one by one.
- 他一遍一遍地告诉我. Tā yí biàn yí biàn de gàosu wǒ. He told me over and over.
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