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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 3 · Chapter 42
想去哪里生活 Where to live
周月 and 林雪 imagine life in different places. Teaches 如果 X 就 Y (conditional) and 要是 X 就 Y (colloquial variant).
Hội thoại
如果可以选, 我去海边 — If I could pick, the seaside
- 周月 如果可以自己选, 你想去哪里生活? If you could choose, where would you live?
- 林雪 如果可以, 我就去海边的小镇, 那里空气新鲜. If possible, a seaside town — the air is fresh there.
- 周月 如果太远, 你不想念家人吗? If far, won't you miss family?
- 林雪 想念. 如果走太远, 朋友也很难见. I would. If too far, hard to see friends too.
- 周月 如果可以, 我就在国内, 但是去一个新的城市. If possible, I'd stay in the country but a new city.
- 林雪 我们如果都去新地方, 互相也可以走动. If we both move, we can visit each other.
Hội thoại
要是想故乡, 就回去 — If you miss home, go back
- 周月 要是有一天我很想故乡, 我就回去. If one day I miss home, I'll go back.
- 林雪 要是回故乡, 你会觉得幸福吗? If you go back, will you feel happy?
- 周月 要是家人都在那里, 我就会幸福. If family is there, yes.
- 林雪 要是我也想朋友, 我就去看你. If I miss my friend, I'll visit.
- 周月 要是我们都熟悉的地方还在, 那真的幸福. If the places we know still stand, that's real happiness.
- 林雪 一定会还在. They will be.
Từ vựng
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 生活 | shēnghuó | v. | live (recall ch36) |
| 如果 | rúguǒ | conj. | if (formal) |
| 要是 | yàoshi | conj. | if (colloquial) |
| 就 | jiù | adv. | then (correlative) |
| 海边 | hǎibiān | n. | seaside |
| 山 | shān | n. | mountain (recall Bk1) |
| 国外 | guówài | n. | overseas |
| 远 | yuǎn | adj. | far (recall ch06) |
| 熟悉 | shúxī | adj. | familiar |
| 家人 | jiārén | n. | family (recall Bk2) |
| 朋友 | péngyou | n. | friend (recall Bk1) |
| 想念 | xiǎngniàn | v. | miss; long for |
| 故乡 | gùxiāng | n. | hometown |
| 幸福 | xìngfú | adj. | happy; blessed |
| 周月 | Zhōu Yuè | pn. | Zhou Yue (persona — recall ch31) |
| 林雪 | Lín Xuě | pn. | Lin Xue (persona — recall ch01) |
Chữ mới
| 汉字 | Pinyin | Từ loại | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|---|
| 内 | nèi | ||
| 幸 | xìng | (in 幸福 = happy; blessed) 幸福 xìngfú — happy; blessed | |
| 熟 | shú | (in 熟悉 = familiar) 熟悉 shúxī — familiar | |
| 悉 | xī | (in 熟悉 = familiar) 熟悉 shúxī — familiar |
Chữ Hán — viết & nhận biết
rú as; like (in 如果) (recall ch35) Viết
guǒ fruit; result Viết
hǎi sea (in 海边) Nhận biết
shān mountain (recall Bk1) Nhận biết
niàn miss; recite (in 想念) Nhận biết
Ngữ pháp
打算 / 想 / 希望 + 句子 — 动作作宾语 (三44, 复用) 打算 / 想 / 希望 + clause — action as object (三44, reuse)
复习 ch01 的句法点: 打算 / 想 / 希望 / 计划 后面跟一个动作或一件事 (动词短语 / 主谓短语) 作宾语. 谈"想去哪里生活"时特别有用: 我打算住在小城市 / 我希望住在安静的地方. 宾语是一整件事, 不是简单的名词.
Revisits ch01's syntax: 打算 / 想 / 希望 / 计划 take an action or situation (verb phrase / clause) as object. Useful for "where to live": 我打算住在小城市 / 我希望住在安静的地方. The object is a whole situation, not a simple noun.
- 我打算住在小城市. Wǒ dǎsuàn zhù zài xiǎo chéngshì. I plan to live in a small city.
- 他想去大城市工作. Tā xiǎng qù dà chéngshì gōngzuò. He wants to work in a big city.
- 我希望住在安静的地方. Wǒ xīwàng zhù zài ānjìng de dìfang. I hope to live somewhere quiet.
- 我们决定回小城市住. Wǒmen juédìng huí xiǎo chéngshì zhù. We decided to go live in a small city.
Ngữ pháp
要是 X, 就 Y — 口语版"如果" 要是 X, 就 Y — colloquial "if"
上一课 (grammar-01) 的 如果 X 就 Y 是标准条件句. 本课的 要是 X 就 Y 意思一样, 但是口语很多 — 朋友 / 家人 / 同事之间用 要是 更自然: 要是有一天我很想故乡, 我就回去. 要是 不能 + 句末加 吗 (这是陈述). 假设感更轻松, 不正式的电邮 / 短信里偶尔写, 公文 / 论文还是用 如果. 替代: 如果 = 要是 = 假如 (假如最书面).
Grammar-01 was the standard 如果. `要是` says the same thing in colloquial dress — between friends / family / colleagues, 要是 feels more natural. 要是有一天我很想故乡, 我就回去. Casual chats, informal email — yes. Formal docs — stick with 如果 (or 假如, which is the most formal of the three).
- 要是有一天我很想故乡, 我就回去. Yàoshi yǒu yì tiān wǒ hěn xiǎng gùxiāng, wǒ jiù huí qù. If one day I miss home, I go back.
- 要是家人都在那里, 我就会幸福. Yàoshi jiārén dōu zài nàlǐ, wǒ jiù huì xìngfú. If family is there, I'll be happy.
- 要是你来, 我请你吃饭. Yàoshi nǐ lái, wǒ qǐng nǐ chīfàn. If you come, I'll treat you.
- 要是下雨, 我们就不去. Yàoshi xià yǔ, wǒmen jiù bú qù. If it rains, we won't go.
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