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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 1 · Chapter 11
我会说一点儿汉语 I can speak a little Chinese
Modal verbs 会 (learned skill) / 能 (ability). Action verbs 看 / 听 / 说 / 写 / 读. 学 / 教 / 觉得 / 一点儿 / 字.
Dialogue
我会说一点儿汉语 — I can speak a little Chinese
- 高老师 大山, 你会说汉语吗? Dashan, can you speak Chinese?
- 大山 我会说一点儿汉语. I can speak a little Chinese.
- 高老师 你会写汉字吗? Can you write characters?
- 大山 会一点儿. 我会写"中国"和"我"! A little. I can write 中国 and 我!
- 高老师 不错! 你会读吗? Not bad! Can you read?
- 大山 读不太会. 老师, 我想学. Reading not so much. Teacher, I want to learn.
Dialogue
我能教你 — I can teach you
- 马小明 大山, 我能教你. 你想学什么? Dashan, I can teach you. What do you want to learn?
- 大山 我想学读汉字. I want to learn to read characters.
- 马小明 好! 你看, 这是"人", 那是"大". OK! Look — this is 人, that is 大.
- 大山 人和大. 我会读! Person and big. I can read!
- 马小明 太好了! 你真好. Excellent! You're great.
- 大山 我觉得汉字不难! I feel characters aren't hard!
Dialogue
听说读写 — Listen Speak Read Write
- 高老师 同学们, 我们学汉语. 看, 听, 说, 写, 读 — 都很重要. Class, we learn Chinese: looking, listening, speaking, writing, reading — all important.
- 马小明 老师, 我能听汉语, 我也能说. 写汉字不太会. Teacher, I can listen and speak Chinese. Writing characters not so well.
- 高老师 我们慢慢来. 一点儿一点儿学. Slow and steady. Little by little.
- 大山 我也是. 我会说一点儿, 写一点儿, 读不太会. Same here. I can speak a little, write a little, read not so well.
- 高老师 都不错! 我们一起学. All not bad! Let's learn together.
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 会 | huì | aux. | can (learned skill) |
| 能 | néng | aux. | can (be able to) |
| 学 | xué | v. | to study; learn |
| 教 | jiāo | v. | to teach |
| 看 | kàn | v. | to look; watch; read |
| 听 | tīng | v. | to listen |
| 说 | shuō | v. | to say; speak |
| 写 | xiě | v. | to write |
| 读 | dú | v. | to read aloud |
| 字 | zì | n. | (written) character |
| 觉得 | juéde | v. | to feel; think |
| 一点儿 | yìdiǎnr | n. | a little bit |
New characters
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 会 | huì | can; meeting 不会 bú huì — don\'t know how开会 kāi huì — have a meeting一会儿 yíhuìr — a (little) while; a moment | |
| 点 | diǎn | (in 一点儿) 一点儿 yìdiǎnr — a little bit | |
| 写 | xiě | write 听写 tīngxiě — dictation写完 xiě wán — finish writing — V+完写错 xiě cuò — write wrongly — V+错 | |
| 错 | cuò | wrong; mistaken (pair with 对) 不错 búcuò — pretty good; not bad写错 xiě cuò — write wrongly — V+错看错 kàn cuò — misread; see wrongly — V+错 | |
| 读 | dú | read aloud | |
| 能 | néng | can; be able 可能 kěnéng — possibly; possibility可能性 kěnéngxìng — possibility能力 nénglì — ability; capability | |
| 教 | jiāo | teach 教学楼 jiàoxuélóu — teaching building教室 jiàoshì — classroom (recall Bk2) | |
| 看 | kàn | look; watch; read 好看 hǎokàn — good-looking看病 kàn bìng — see a doctor (revisit)看到 kàn//dào — see; catch sight of — V+到 result complement | |
| 觉 | jué | (in 觉得 = think) 觉得 juéde — to feel; think睡觉 shuì jiào — sleep感觉 gǎnjué — feel; feeling (the chapter\'s meta-verb) | |
| 得 | de | (in 觉得) 觉得 juéde — to feel; think记得 jìde — remember | |
| 难 | nán | difficult (formal placement) 困难 kùnnán — difficult; difficulty难忘 nánwàng — unforgettable | |
| 听 | tīng | listen 好听 hǎotīng — nice to listen to听写 tīngxiě — dictation听到 tīng//dào — hear — V+到 result complement | |
| 重 | zhòng / chóng | heavy (zhòng, this chapter); again (chóng, deferred) 重要 zhòngyào — important重新 chóngxīn — anew (二16)重视 zhòngshì — attach importance to; value | |
| 慢 | màn | slow (pair with 快) 慢慢 mànman — slowly (recall Bk1) |
Hanzi — writing & recognition
huì can; meeting Writing
Modern: "can / will / meeting." Multi-purpose. As modal: 会 = "can (have learned the skill)."
néng can; be able Writing
Modern: "ability / be able to." Pairs with 会 — 能 = ability/availability, 会 = learned skill.
kàn look; watch; read Writing
Pictograph: hand over eye = shading the eyes to look. Modern: "look / watch / read."
shuō say; speak Writing
Compound: 讠 (speech) + 兑. Modern: "speak / say / explain." 讠 cluster anchor.
tīng listen Recognition
xiě write Recognition
dú read aloud Recognition
xué study; school (revisit) Recognition
jiāo teach Recognition
zì character (revisit ch5) Recognition
Grammar
能愿动词 — 会 / 能 Modal verbs — 会 / 能
"会"和"能"都是能愿动词, 都翻译成 "can". 但意思不一样. (1) 会 = 学过 / 有技能. 我会说汉语 = "I learned to speak Chinese". (2) 能 = 有能力 / 没问题. 我能去 = "I can go (no problem)". 句式: 主语 + 会 / 能 + V (+ O). 否定: 不会 / 不能. 例: 我不会写字 (I don't know how to write characters). 我不能去 (I can't go). 注意: 学技能用"会"; 一般能力 / 有时间用"能".
Both 会 and 能 translate as "can" but have different meanings. (1) 会 = "have learned how to / have the skill." 我会说汉语 ("I can speak Chinese, I learned it"). (2) 能 = "be able to / it's possible / no obstacle." 我能去 ("I can go, no problem"). PATTERN: Subject + 会/能 + V (+ O). NEGATIVE: 不会 / 不能. 我不会写字 ("I don't know how to write characters"). 我不能去 ("I can't go"). RULE OF THUMB: skill = 会; ability/permission/availability = 能.
- 我会说一点儿汉语. Wǒ huì shuō yìdiǎnr Hànyǔ. I can speak a little Chinese.
- 你会写汉字吗? Nǐ huì xiě Hànzì ma? Can you write Chinese characters?
- 我能来. Wǒ néng lái. I can come.
- 我不能去. Wǒ bù néng qù. I can't go.
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