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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 20
Food Das Essen
Häufige Speisen und Getränke: rice, bread, meat, fruit, vegetables, water, milk, juice. Der Kernpunkt ist zählbar vs. unzählbar. Speisen wie rice, bread und water sind UNZÄHLBAR — kein „a" und kein Plural. Nimm SOME in positiven Sätzen (I'd like some rice) und ANY in Fragen und Verneinungen (Do you have any bread? I don't have any water). Außerdem: um zu sagen, dass man Hunger oder Durst hat, nimmt das Englische BE + Adjektiv: I'm hungry, I'm thirsty. Und „delicious" beschreibt das Essen: The food is delicious. Neue Wörter: rice, bread, meat, fruit, vegetable, water, milk, juice, delicious, hungry. Kulturteil: auswärts essen und Trinkgeld.
Dialogue
a rice or some rice? — a rice oder some rice?
- Emma Minsu, are you hungry? Minsu, hast du Hunger?
- Minsu Yes. I want a rice. Ja. Ich will einen Reis. (Patzer: rice ist unzählbar — sag „some rice", ohne „a")
- Emma Rice is uncountable: some rice. rice ist unzählbar: some rice.
- Minsu Oh, I'd like some rice and some water. Ah, ich möchte etwas Reis und Wasser.
Dialogue
So delicious! — So lecker!
- Jack Emma, what do you eat? Emma, was isst du?
- Emma I eat some meat and some vegetables. It's delicious. Ich esse etwas Fleisch und Gemüse. Es ist köstlich.
- Jack And what do you drink? Und was trinkst du?
- Emma I drink some juice. Would you like some fruit? Ich trinke etwas Saft. Möchtest du etwas Obst?
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| rice | n. | Reis | |
| bread | n. | Brot | |
| meat | n. | Fleisch | |
| fruit | n. | Obst | |
| vegetable | n. | Gemüse | |
| water | n. | Wasser | |
| milk | n. | Milch | |
| juice | n. | Saft | |
| delicious | adj. | köstlich, lecker | |
| hungry | adj. | hungrig |
Grammar
Some / any and "I'm hungry" Some / any und „I'm hungry"
Some foods can be counted (an apple, two apples), but many cannot: rice, bread, water, milk, meat. These UNCOUNTABLE nouns take NO "a" and have NO plural — you cannot say "a rice" or "two rices". Instead, use SOME in positive sentences: I'd like some rice, some water. Use ANY in questions and negatives: Do you have any bread? I don't have any milk. Second point: to say you are hungry or thirsty, English uses BE + an adjective — I'm hungry, I'm thirsty (not "I have hunger"). And "delicious" describes food: The food is delicious.
Manche Speisen kann man zählen (an apple, two apples), aber viele nicht: rice, bread, water, milk, meat. Diese UNZÄHLBAREN Substantive nehmen kein „a" und haben keinen Plural — man sagt nicht „a rice" oder „two rices". Nimm stattdessen SOME in positiven Sätzen: I'd like some rice, some water. Nimm ANY in Fragen und Verneinungen: Do you have any bread? I don't have any milk. Zweiter Punkt: um zu sagen, dass man Hunger oder Durst hat, nimmt das Englische BE + Adjektiv — I'm hungry, I'm thirsty (nicht „I have hunger"). Und „delicious" beschreibt das Essen: The food is delicious.
- I'm hungry. I'd like some rice and some bread. Ich habe Hunger. Ich möchte etwas Reis und Brot.
- I'm thirsty. I drink some water. Ich habe Durst. Ich trinke etwas Wasser.
- The meat is delicious and the fruit is delicious. Das Fleisch ist köstlich und das Obst ist köstlich.
- Do you have any milk? — No, but I have some juice. Hast du Milch? — Nein, aber ich habe etwas Saft.
Culture
Eating out and tipping Auswärts essen und Trinkgeld
Auswärts essen ist ein großer Teil des Lebens in englischsprachigen Ländern — und bringt einige Gewohnheiten mit sich, die Besucher überraschen können, vor allem das Trinkgeld und die ständigen „please" und „thank you".
Essen gehen
From cafés and diners to takeaway and food trucks, eating out is casual and common. You often seat yourself in a café but wait to be seated in a nicer restaurant. A server takes your order, brings the food, and later brings the bill (in the US, the "check"). Portions can be large, and it is normal to take leftovers home in a box.
Trinkgeld
In the United States, tipping is expected, not optional: 15–20% of the bill for a server is normal, because their wages are low. In the UK, Australia and elsewhere it is more relaxed — often 10% or a service charge already added. When in doubt, look at the bill for "service included", and if it is not there and the service was good, leave a tip.
„please" und „thank you"
English speakers say "please" and "thank you" a lot — far more than seems necessary to many learners. "Can I have the menu, please?" sounds polite; "Give me the menu" sounds rude. Add "please" to requests and "thank you" to almost anything. A friendly "How are you?" from a server is small talk, not a real question — "Good, thanks, and you?" is the perfect reply.
Kurz gesagt: Auswärtsessen ist leger und freundlich, aber denk ans Trinkgeld (besonders in den USA) und streue „please" und „thank you" ein. Ein herzliches „Thank you, that was delicious!" an den Kellner bewirkt viel. Guten Appetit!
pronunciation
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