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English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 20

Food 음식

흔한 음식과 음료: rice, bread, meat, fruit, vegetables, water, milk, juice. 핵심은 가산·불가산 명사예요. rice, bread, water 같은 음식은 불가산 — "a"도 복수도 없어요. 긍정문엔 SOME(I'd like some rice), 의문·부정엔 ANY(Do you have any bread? I don't have any water). 또, 배고프거나 목마르다고 할 때 영어는 BE + 형용사: I'm hungry, I'm thirsty. "delicious"는 음식을 묘사: The food is delicious. 새 단어: rice, bread, meat, fruit, vegetable, water, milk, juice, delicious, hungry. 문화 섹션: 외식과 팁.

Dialogue

a rice or some rice? — a rice일까 some rice일까?

Emma Minsu, are you hungry? 민수, 배고파요?
Minsu Yes. I want a rice. 네. 밥 하나 먹고 싶어요. (실수: rice는 불가산 — "some rice", "a" 없이)
Emma Rice is uncountable: some rice. rice는 불가산: some rice.
Minsu Oh, I'd like some rice and some water. 아, 밥과 물 좀 주세요.

Dialogue

So delicious! — 정말 맛있어요!

Jack Emma, what do you eat? 엠마, 뭐 먹어요?
Emma I eat some meat and some vegetables. It's delicious. 고기와 채소를 좀 먹어요. 맛있어요.
Jack And what do you drink? 뭐 마셔요?
Emma I drink some juice. Would you like some fruit? 주스를 좀 마셔요. 과일 좀 드실래요?

Vocabulary

汉字	POS	Meaning
rice	n.	밥, 쌀
bread	n.	빵
meat	n.	고기
fruit	n.	과일
vegetable	n.	채소
water	n.	물
milk	n.	우유
juice	n.	주스
delicious	adj.	맛있는
hungry	adj.	배고픈

Grammar

Some / any and "I'm hungry" some / any와 "I'm hungry"

Some foods can be counted (an apple, two apples), but many cannot: rice, bread, water, milk, meat. These UNCOUNTABLE nouns take NO "a" and have NO plural — you cannot say "a rice" or "two rices". Instead, use SOME in positive sentences: I'd like some rice, some water. Use ANY in questions and negatives: Do you have any bread? I don't have any milk. Second point: to say you are hungry or thirsty, English uses BE + an adjective — I'm hungry, I'm thirsty (not "I have hunger"). And "delicious" describes food: The food is delicious.

어떤 음식은 셀 수 있지만(an apple, two apples), 많은 건 셀 수 없어요: rice, bread, water, milk, meat. 이 불가산 명사는 "a"도 복수도 없어요 — "a rice"나 "two rices"라고 못 해요. 대신 긍정문엔 SOME: I'd like some rice, some water. 의문·부정엔 ANY: Do you have any bread? I don't have any milk. 둘째: 배고프거나 목마르다고 할 때 영어는 BE + 형용사 — I'm hungry, I'm thirsty("I have hunger" 아님). "delicious"는 음식을 묘사: The food is delicious.

I'm hungry. I'd like some rice and some bread. 배고파요. 밥과 빵 좀 주세요.
I'm thirsty. I drink some water. 목말라요. 물을 좀 마셔요.
The meat is delicious and the fruit is delicious. 고기가 맛있고 과일도 맛있어요.
Do you have any milk? — No, but I have some juice. 우유 있어요? — 아니요, 하지만 주스는 있어요.

Culture

Eating out and tipping 외식과 팁

영어권 나라에서 외식은 삶의 큰 부분이에요 — 그리고 방문객을 놀라게 할 수 있는 몇 가지 습관이 따라와요, 무엇보다 팁 문화와 끊임없는 "please"와 "thank you".

외식하러 나가기

From cafés and diners to takeaway and food trucks, eating out is casual and common. You often seat yourself in a café but wait to be seated in a nicer restaurant. A server takes your order, brings the food, and later brings the bill (in the US, the "check"). Portions can be large, and it is normal to take leftovers home in a box.

팁 주기

In the United States, tipping is expected, not optional: 15–20% of the bill for a server is normal, because their wages are low. In the UK, Australia and elsewhere it is more relaxed — often 10% or a service charge already added. When in doubt, look at the bill for "service included", and if it is not there and the service was good, leave a tip.

"please"와 "thank you"

English speakers say "please" and "thank you" a lot — far more than seems necessary to many learners. "Can I have the menu, please?" sounds polite; "Give me the menu" sounds rude. Add "please" to requests and "thank you" to almost anything. A friendly "How are you?" from a server is small talk, not a real question — "Good, thanks, and you?" is the perfect reply.

요컨대: 외식은 편하고 친근하지만, 팁을 잊지 말고(특히 미국에서) "please"와 "thank you"를 곁들이세요. 서버에게 따뜻하게 "Thank you, that was delicious!"라고 하면 큰 도움이 돼요. 맛있게 드세요!

pronunciation

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