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Study in the app →English · CEFR Band 1 (A1) · Chapter 20
Food Makanan
Makanan dan minuman umum: rice, bread, meat, fruit, vegetables, water, milk, juice. Poin kuncinya kata benda terhitung vs tak terhitung. Makanan seperti rice, bread, water TAK terhitung — tanpa "a" dan tanpa jamak. Pakai SOME dalam kalimat positif (I'd like some rice) dan ANY dalam pertanyaan dan negatif (Do you have any bread? I don't have any water). Selain itu, untuk mengatakan lapar atau haus, bahasa Inggris memakai BE + kata sifat: I'm hungry, I'm thirsty. Dan "delicious" menjelaskan makanan: The food is delicious. Kata baru: rice, bread, meat, fruit, vegetable, water, milk, juice, delicious, hungry. Bagian budaya: makan di luar dan memberi tip.
Dialogue
a rice or some rice? — a rice atau some rice?
- Emma Minsu, are you hungry? Minsu, kamu lapar?
- Minsu Yes. I want a rice. Ya. Saya mau satu nasi. (slip: rice tak terhitung — ucapkan "some rice", tanpa "a")
- Emma Rice is uncountable: some rice. rice tak terhitung: some rice.
- Minsu Oh, I'd like some rice and some water. Oh, saya mau nasi dan air.
Dialogue
So delicious! — Enak Sekali!
- Jack Emma, what do you eat? Emma, kamu makan apa?
- Emma I eat some meat and some vegetables. It's delicious. Saya makan daging dan sayur. Enak.
- Jack And what do you drink? Dan minum apa?
- Emma I drink some juice. Would you like some fruit? Saya minum jus. Kamu mau buah?
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| rice | n. | nasi | |
| bread | n. | roti | |
| meat | n. | daging | |
| fruit | n. | buah | |
| vegetable | n. | sayur | |
| water | n. | air | |
| milk | n. | susu | |
| juice | n. | jus | |
| delicious | adj. | lezat | |
| hungry | adj. | lapar |
Grammar
Some / any and "I'm hungry" Some / any dan "I'm hungry"
Some foods can be counted (an apple, two apples), but many cannot: rice, bread, water, milk, meat. These UNCOUNTABLE nouns take NO "a" and have NO plural — you cannot say "a rice" or "two rices". Instead, use SOME in positive sentences: I'd like some rice, some water. Use ANY in questions and negatives: Do you have any bread? I don't have any milk. Second point: to say you are hungry or thirsty, English uses BE + an adjective — I'm hungry, I'm thirsty (not "I have hunger"). And "delicious" describes food: The food is delicious.
Beberapa makanan bisa dihitung (an apple, two apples), tapi banyak yang tidak: rice, bread, water, milk, meat. Kata benda TAK terhitung ini tanpa "a" dan tanpa jamak — tak bisa "a rice" atau "two rices". Sebagai gantinya, pakai SOME dalam kalimat positif: I'd like some rice, some water. Pakai ANY dalam pertanyaan dan negatif: Do you have any bread? I don't have any milk. Poin kedua: untuk mengatakan lapar atau haus, bahasa Inggris memakai BE + kata sifat — I'm hungry, I'm thirsty (bukan "I have hunger"). Dan "delicious" menjelaskan makanan: The food is delicious.
- I'm hungry. I'd like some rice and some bread. Saya lapar. Saya mau nasi dan roti.
- I'm thirsty. I drink some water. Saya haus. Saya minum air.
- The meat is delicious and the fruit is delicious. Dagingnya lezat dan buahnya lezat.
- Do you have any milk? — No, but I have some juice. Punya susu? — Tidak, tapi saya punya jus.
Culture
Eating out and tipping Makan di luar dan tip
Makan di luar adalah bagian besar kehidupan di negara berbahasa Inggris — dan disertai beberapa kebiasaan yang bisa mengejutkan pengunjung, terutama tradisi memberi tip serta "please" dan "thank you" yang terus-menerus.
Pergi makan di luar
From cafés and diners to takeaway and food trucks, eating out is casual and common. You often seat yourself in a café but wait to be seated in a nicer restaurant. A server takes your order, brings the food, and later brings the bill (in the US, the "check"). Portions can be large, and it is normal to take leftovers home in a box.
Memberi tip
In the United States, tipping is expected, not optional: 15–20% of the bill for a server is normal, because their wages are low. In the UK, Australia and elsewhere it is more relaxed — often 10% or a service charge already added. When in doubt, look at the bill for "service included", and if it is not there and the service was good, leave a tip.
"please" dan "thank you"
English speakers say "please" and "thank you" a lot — far more than seems necessary to many learners. "Can I have the menu, please?" sounds polite; "Give me the menu" sounds rude. Add "please" to requests and "thank you" to almost anything. A friendly "How are you?" from a server is small talk, not a real question — "Good, thanks, and you?" is the perfect reply.
Singkatnya: makan di luar itu santai dan ramah, tapi ingat beri tip (terutama di AS) dan taburkan "please" dan "thank you". Ucapan hangat "Thank you, that was delicious!" kepada pelayan sangat berarti. Selamat makan!
pronunciation
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