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Study in the app →Mandarin Chinese · HSK 3.0 Band 1 · Chapter 14
你呢 What about you?
Sentence-final particles (吗 / 呢 / 吧 / 了). Knowing & feeling vocab (知道 / 高兴 / 用 / 一些 / 还有 / 别的 / 别人 / 就).
Dialogue
你呢 — What about you?
- 马小明 我是中国人. 你呢, 大山? I'm Chinese. And you, Dashan?
- 大山 我是外国人. 谢小文呢? I'm a foreigner. And Xie Xiaowen?
- 谢小文 我也是中国人. 高老师呢? I'm Chinese too. And Teacher Gao?
- 高老师 我也是中国人. I'm Chinese too.
- 大山 我们都认识了! We've all met!
Dialogue
你知道吗 — Do you know?
- 大山 马小明, 你知道高老师在哪儿吗? Ma Xiaoming, do you know where Teacher Gao is?
- 马小明 我不知道. 谢小文也不知道吧. I don't know. Xie Xiaowen probably doesn't either.
- 谢小文 我知道了! 高老师在家. I know now! Teacher Gao is at home.
- 大山 太好了! 我们去她家吧. Great! Let's go to her place.
- 马小明 别人家? 不太好吧? Someone else's home? Not really polite?
- 大山 是的, 别人家不要去. 我们就在这儿吧. Right, don't visit. Let's just stay here.
Dialogue
我很高兴 — I'm happy
- 高老师 同学们, 我很高兴. Class, I'm pleased.
- 马小明 老师高兴, 我们也高兴! If you're pleased, we're pleased!
- 大山 我也想用一些汉语说. 我喜欢学. I want to use some Chinese to say it too. I love learning.
- 谢小文 还有一些字, 我会写. Also a few characters, I can write.
- 高老师 太好了! 大家都学了一些. 我们就去吃饭吧, 好吗? Excellent! Everyone learned some. Let's go eat now, OK?
- 大山 好! OK!
Vocabulary
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 呢 | ne | part. | (particle: what about...?) |
| 吧 | ba | part. | (particle: suggestion / probability) |
| 了 | le | part. | (particle: change of state) |
| 还有 | hái yǒu | exp. | also; additionally |
| 就 | jiù | adv. | just; exactly |
| 别的 | biéde | pron. | other; different |
| 别人 | biérén | n. | other people |
| 知道 | zhīdào | v. | to know (a fact) |
| 高兴 | gāoxìng | adj. | happy; pleased |
| 用 | yòng | v. | to use |
| 一些 | yìxiē | pron. | some; a few |
New characters
| 汉字 | Pinyin | POS | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| 知 | zhī | (in 知道 = know) 知道 zhīdào — to know (a fact) | |
| 道 | dào | (in 知道); way 知道 zhīdào — to know (a fact)道歉 dàoqiàn — apologize味道 wèidao — taste; flavor (recall Bk1) | |
| 吧 | ba | (particle: suggestion) | |
| 别 | bié | other (in 别人 / 别的) 别的 biéde — other; different别人 biérén — other people特别 tèbié — especially; particularly; very | |
| 就 | jiù | right then; immediately (in 就要) 就要 jiù yào — about to (formal pair with 快要)一…就… yī…jiù… — as soon as (二69) |
Hanzi — writing & recognition
ma (yes/no question particle) Writing
ne (particle: what about?) Writing
ba (particle: suggestion) Writing
le (particle: change of state) Writing
One of the most utility-rich particles in Chinese. Marks completion / change-of-state. 我吃了 = "I ate" or "I've eaten." 太好了! = "wonderful!"
zhī (in 知道 = know) Recognition
dào (in 知道); way Recognition
xìng (in 高兴) Recognition
bié other (in 别人 / 别的) Recognition
yòng use Recognition
Grammar
语气助词 — 吗 / 呢 / 吧 / 了 Sentence-final particles — 吗 / 呢 / 吧 / 了
中文有四个常用的句末"语气助词": (1) 吗 (ma) — 一般 yes / no 问句. 你是学生吗? (2) 呢 (ne) — "and X?" 跟问. 我是学生, 你呢? (3) 吧 (ba) — 建议 / 推测. 我们走吧 (let's go). 你是中国人吧 (you're Chinese, right?). (4) 了 (le) — 状态变化 / 完成. 我吃了 (I ate / I'm done eating). 太好了! (excellent!). 注意: 不要加多余的"吗"在 X呢 句里. 不能说 *你呢吗.
Four common sentence-final particles: (1) 吗 — yes/no question marker. 你是学生吗? (2) 呢 — "and what about X?" follow-up. 我是学生, 你呢? (3) 吧 — suggestion / supposition. 我们走吧 ("let's go"); 你是中国人吧 ("you're Chinese, right?"). (4) 了 — change of state / completion. 我吃了 ("I ate / done eating"); 太好了! ("excellent!"). KEY: don't double-stack — *你呢吗 is wrong; X 呢 is already a question.
- 你是学生吗? Nǐ shì xuéshēng ma? Are you a student?
- 我是学生. 你呢? Wǒ shì xuéshēng. Nǐ ne? I'm a student. And you?
- 我们去吃饭吧. Wǒmen qù chī fàn ba. Let's go eat.
- 太好了! 我吃了. Tài hǎo le! Wǒ chī le. Excellent! I'm done eating.
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